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Countries and areas

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Summary statistics
Region 2015 Eastern Africa  
Surface area (sq km) 2014 117600  
Population (proj., 000) 2016 5352  
Pop. density (per sq km) 2016 53.0  
Capital city 2015 Asmara  
Capital city pop. (000) 2015 804  
Currency 2015 Nakfa (ERN)  
UN membership date 2013 28 May 1993  
Economic indicators
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) 2014 3858  
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) 2010 2117  
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) 2005 1098  
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2005 prices) 2014 1.7  
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2005 prices) 2010 2.2  
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2005 prices) 2005 1.5  
GDP per capita (current US$) 2014 754.9  
GDP per capita (current US$) 2010 451.4  
GDP per capita (current US$) 2005 262.1  
Economy: Agriculture (% of GVA) 2014 17.2  
Economy: Agriculture (% of GVA) 2010 19.1  
Economy: Agriculture (% of GVA) 2005 24.2  
Economy: Industry (% of GVA) 2014 23.6  
Economy: Industry (% of GVA) 2010 23.1  
Economy: Industry (% of GVA) 2005 21.9  
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) 2014 59.2  
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) 2010 57.8  
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) 2005 53.9  
Unemployment (% of labour force) 2014 8.3 Estimate.  
Unemployment (% of labour force) 2010 8.2 Estimate.  
Unemployment (% of labour force) 2005 8.5 Estimate.  
Labour force participation (female/male pop. %) 2014 77.6/90.3 Estimate.  
Labour force participation (female/male pop. %) 2010 77.6/89.8 Estimate.  
Labour force participation (female/male pop. %) 2005 76.5/89.2 Estimate.  
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100) 2014 110 2013.  
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100) 2010 106  
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100) 2005 106  
Food production index (2004-2006=100) 2014 110 2013.  
Food production index (2004-2006=100) 2010 106  
Food production index (2004-2006=100) 2005 106  
Major trading partners (% of exports) 2015 ...  
Major trading partners (% of imports) 2015 ...  
Social indicators
Population growth rate (average annual %) 2010-2015 2.2  
Urban population (%) 2015 22.6  
Urban population growth rate (average annual %) 2010-2015 5.1  
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) 2010-2015 4.4  
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) 2010-2015 65.2/60.9  
Total dependency ratio (Pop. aged 0-14 & 65+ per 100 pop. 15-64) 2015 83  
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) mid-2015 15.9/0.3 Estimate.  
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR mid-2015 2967  
Infant mortality rate (per 1 000 live births) 2010-2015 46  
Health: Total expenditure (% of GDP) 2014 3.3 Estimates should be viewed with caution as these are derived from scarce data.  
Education: Primary gross enrolment ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) 2014 47.2/55.2 2013.  
Education: Secondary gross enrolment ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) 2014 31.6/39.3 2013.  
Education: Tertiary gross enrolment ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) 2014 1.7/3.4  
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) 2014 9.7 2012.  
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 2016 22.0  
Environmental indicators
Mobile-cellular subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants) 2014 6.4 Estimate.  
Individuals using the Internet (%) 2014 1.0 Estimate.  
Threatened species 2015 113  
Forested area (% of land area) 2013 15.0 Estimate.  
CO2 emission estimates (000 tons/tons per capita) 2013 667/0.2  
Energy production, primary (Petajoules) 2013 27  
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) 2013 7.0  
Terrestrial and marine areas protected (% of total area) 2014 3.1  
Population using improved drinking water sources (urban/rural, %) 2015 73.2/53.3  
Population using improved sanitation facilities (urban/rural, %) 2015 44.6/7.3  
Net Official Development Assistance received (% of GNI) 2014 2.2  
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