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Gender Inequality IndexGo toSearch glossaries

Source: Human Development Indices: A statistical update 2022 | United Nations Development Programme
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SDG3.1 SDG3.7 SDG5.5 SDG4.4
Gender Inequality Index Maternal mortality ratio Adolescent birth rate Share of seats in parliament Population with at least some secondary education Labour force participation rate  a
Value Rank (deaths per 100,000 live births) (births per 1,000 women ages 15?19) (% held by women) (% ages 25 and older) (% ages 15 and older)
HDI rank Country Female Male Female Male
2021 2021 2017 2021 2021 2021 b 2021 b 2021 2021
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Switzerland 0.018 3 5 2.2 39.8 96.9 97.5 61.7 72.7
2 Norway 0.016 2 2 2.3 45.0 99.1 99.3 60.3 72.0
3 Iceland 0.043 8 4 5.4 47.6 99.8 99.7 61.7 70.5
4 Hong Kong, China (SAR) .. .. .. 1.6 .. 77.1 83.4 53.5 65.8
5 Australia 0.073 19 6 8.1 37.9 94.6 94.4 61.1 70.5
6 Denmark 0.013 1 4 1.9 39.7 95.1 95.2 57.7 66.7
7 Sweden 0.023 4 4 3.3 47.0 91.8 92.2 61.7 68.0
8 Ireland 0.074 21 5 5.9 27.3 88.1 c 86.0 c 56.5 68.6
9 Germany 0.073 19 7 7.5 34.8 96.1 c 96.5 c 56.8 66.0
10 Netherlands 0.025 5 5 2.8 39.1 89.8 92.7 62.4 71.3
11 Finland 0.033 6 3 4.2 46.0 99.0 98.5 56.5 64.0
12 Singapore 0.040 7 8 2.6 29.8 80.5 85.9 59.4 76.8
13 Belgium 0.048 10 5 5.3 42.9 87.2 89.7 49.8 58.8
13 New Zealand 0.088 25 9 12.6 49.2 82.0 81.8 65.1 75.3
15 Canada 0.069 17 10 7.0 34.4 100.0 d 100.0 d 60.8 69.7
16 Liechtenstein .. .. .. 3.0 28.0 .. .. .. ..
17 Luxembourg 0.044 9 5 4.3 35.0 100.0 e 100.0 e 58.5 65.5
18 United Kingdom 0.098 27 7 10.5 31.1 99.8 99.8 58.0 67.1
19 Japan 0.083 22 5 2.9 14.2 95.9 92.7 53.3 71.0
19 Korea (Republic of) 0.067 15 11 2.2 19.0 83.1 c 93.1 c 53.4 72.4
21 United States 0.179 44 19 16.0 27.0 96.5 96.4 55.2 66.4
22 Israel 0.083 22 3 7.6 28.3 91.6 c 93.7 c 58.5 66.1
23 Malta 0.167 42 6 11.5 13.4 82.2 88.1 53.1 71.4
23 Slovenia 0.071 18 7 4.5 21.5 97.6 98.7 53.8 62.2
25 Austria 0.053 12 5 5.5 39.3 100.0 d 100.0 d 55.5 66.3
26 United Arab Emirates 0.049 11 3 3.1 50.0 82.0 85.6 46.5 88.0
27 Spain 0.057 14 4 6.3 42.3 78.5 83.2 52.7 62.4
28 France 0.083 22 8 9.5 37.8 83.5 87.9 51.9 59.7
29 Cyprus 0.123 35 6 6.8 14.3 81.1 84.8 56.6 68.8
30 Italy 0.056 13 2 4.0 35.3 78.6 86.1 39.9 57.6
31 Estonia 0.100 28 9 8.8 25.7 97.6 98.1 57.5 70.2
32 Czechia 0.120 34 3 9.7 22.1 99.8 99.8 51.7 68.1
33 Greece 0.119 32 3 8.5 21.7 69.9 77.8 43.3 58.1
34 Poland 0.109 31 2 9.7 27.5 86.5 90.7 49.2 65.5
35 Bahrain 0.181 46 14 8.7 18.8 79.9 83.1 42.4 83.5
35 Lithuania 0.105 30 8 10.4 27.7 95.5 97.9 57.3 67.9
35 Saudi Arabia 0.247 59 17 11.9 19.9 71.3 80.9 30.9 80.1
38 Portugal 0.067 15 8 7.4 40.0 59.7 61.9 54.0 62.2
39 Latvia 0.151 40 19 11.2 29.0 99.7 c 99.3 c 54.5 66.8
40 Andorra .. .. .. 5.9 46.4 70.7 c 72.4 c .. ..
40 Croatia 0.093 26 8 8.6 31.1 97.0 c 100.0 c 45.9 58.8
42 Chile 0.187 47 13 24.1 32.7 80.3 c 83.5 c 44.2 65.5
42 Qatar 0.220 54 9 7.1 4.4 79.8 c 69.6 c 57.2 95.5
44 San Marino .. .. .. 3.8 33.3 81.8 84.3 .. ..
45 Slovakia 0.180 45 5 26.3 22.7 98.9 99.2 54.7 66.4
46 Hungary 0.221 55 12 22.1 13.1 97.6 98.8 52.1 67.2
47 Argentina 0.287 69 39 39.1 44.4 71.0 f 71.4 f 50.0 71.6
48 Türkiye 0.272 65 17 16.9 17.3 56.3 75.9 31.8 69.4
49 Montenegro 0.119 32 6 10.4 24.7 92.3 c 99.2 c 47.8 62.0
50 Kuwait 0.305 74 12 5.6 1.5 60.9 c 55.2 c 47.4 83.8
51 Brunei Darussalam 0.259 61 31 10.0 9.1 70.4 71.2 54.1 72.3
52 Russian Federation 0.203 50 17 15.0 16.5 92.8 e 95.9 e 54.5 69.7
53 Romania 0.282 67 19 36.4 18.5 88.8 93.7 42.8 62.3
54 Oman 0.300 72 19 9.9 9.9 96.6 99.9 28.7 85.0
55 Bahamas 0.329 78 70 25.7 20.0 87.0 c 89.9 c 65.6 71.5
56 Kazakhstan 0.161 41 10 21.9 24.5 99.8 c 100.0 c 63.3 75.5
57 Trinidad and Tobago 0.344 81 67 38.1 32.4 84.8 d 80.6 d 46.7 68.0
58 Costa Rica 0.256 60 27 37.1 45.6 56.2 54.5 47.5 71.1
58 Uruguay 0.235 58 17 36.2 26.2 59.6 55.5 54.8 69.3
60 Belarus 0.104 29 2 11.9 34.7 97.5 99.0 57.3 71.4
61 Panama 0.392 96 52 69.9 22.5 70.2 68.7 50.4 72.6
62 Malaysia 0.228 57 29 9.3 14.9 75.0 78.4 51.2 77.6
63 Georgia 0.280 66 25 31.7 19.3 97.1 98.3 51.0 68.0
63 Mauritius 0.347 82 61 24.6 20.0 64.4 c 70.8 c 43.4 70.4
63 Serbia 0.131 36 12 14.9 39.2 88.6 95.3 46.6 62.3
66 Thailand 0.333 79 37 32.7 13.9 47.6 51.7 59.0 75.0
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
67 Albania 0.144 39 15 14.5 35.7 95.4 f 93.0 d 50.7 66.2
68 Bulgaria 0.210 52 10 38.6 23.8 94.9 96.5 49.1 62.6
68 Grenada .. .. 25 32.7 32.1 .. .. .. ..
70 Barbados 0.268 64 27 42.3 29.4 95.4 d 86.0 d 56.1 63.7
71 Antigua and Barbuda .. .. 42 33.1 31.4 .. .. .. ..
72 Seychelles .. .. 53 53.4 22.9 .. .. .. ..
73 Sri Lanka 0.383 92 36 15.7 5.4 84.0 84.2 30.9 68.5
74 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.136 38 10 9.9 24.6 82.7 94.0 32.3 52.4
75 Saint Kitts and Nevis .. .. .. 38.2 25.0 .. .. .. ..
76 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.459 115 16 30.2 5.6 71.6 c 76.0 c 14.4 68.1
77 Ukraine 0.200 49 19 15.6 20.8 96.2 d 95.8 f 48.1 63.6
78 North Macedonia 0.134 37 7 16.4 41.7 61.9 75.1 42.4 63.4
79 China 0.192 48 29 11.0 24.9 78.3 d 85.4 d 61.6 74.3
80 Dominican Republic 0.429 106 95 65.6 25.7 77.4 c 76.9 c 49.6 75.2
80 Moldova (Republic of) 0.205 51 19 27.8 39.6 96.1 98.0 33.9 43.9
80 Palau .. .. .. 42.5 6.9 96.9 97.3 .. ..
83 Cuba 0.303 73 36 48.8 53.4 89.5 c 91.9 c 40.3 68.5
84 Peru 0.380 90 88 56.8 40.0 59.3 c 69.9 c 66.1 81.9
85 Armenia 0.216 53 26 18.5 33.6 96.0 97.1 42.7 63.0
86 Mexico 0.309 75 33 54.4 49.8 65.1 66.7 43.8 75.4
87 Brazil 0.390 94 60 45.2 14.8 62.4 c 59.1 c 49.1 68.2
88 Colombia 0.424 102 83 59.0 19.6 58.9 56.5 52.2 78.0
89 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.390 94 68 47.9 18.2 44.1 39.6 52.9 74.1
90 Maldives 0.348 83 53 7.3 4.6 46.4 d 41.5 d 34.3 67.5
91 Algeria 0.499 126 112 11.7 7.5 46.0 c 56.9 c 15.7 64.5
91 Azerbaijan 0.294 70 26 40.1 18.2 93.6 97.6 60.4 67.3
91 Tonga 0.631 160 52 19.0 0.0 g 93.5 d 93.1 d 37.3 55.3
91 Turkmenistan 0.177 43 7 21.8 25.0 93.5 92.2 36.5 55.6
95 Ecuador 0.362 85 59 63.2 39.4 53.0 52.0 53.3 76.5
96 Mongolia 0.313 76 45 26.7 17.1 79.3 73.0 51.5 66.6
97 Egypt 0.443 109 37 44.8 22.9 81.6 c 76.6 c 15.4 67.1
97 Tunisia 0.259 61 43 6.7 26.3 42.9 c 51.8 c 25.5 67.2
99 Fiji 0.318 77 34 26.8 21.6 90.2 d 87.9 d 37.7 75.3
99 Suriname 0.427 105 120 56.1 29.4 69.9 h 70.7 h 43.4 65.1
101 Uzbekistan 0.227 56 29 15.9 28.7 99.9 100.0 44.9 70.9
102 Dominica .. .. .. 38.5 34.4 .. .. .. ..
102 Jordan 0.471 118 46 25.4 11.8 77.4 84.2 13.5 62.3
104 Libya 0.259 61 72 6.9 16.0 70.5 i 45.1 i 34.1 61.0
105 Paraguay 0.445 111 84 70.3 16.8 52.5 54.0 59.6 84.2
106 Palestine, State of .. .. 27 43.5 .. 67.9 67.6 16.7 66.3
106 Saint Lucia 0.381 91 117 36.9 24.1 49.9 43.8 63.2 73.2
108 Guyana 0.454 114 169 66.6 35.7 69.5 62.2 40.3 64.1
109 South Africa 0.405 97 119 61.2 46.0 j 68.9 87.7 46.2 59.9
110 Jamaica 0.335 80 80 32.8 31.0 74.3 d 66.4 d 56.1 70.0
111 Samoa 0.418 99 43 43.6 7.8 79.1 k 71.6 k 30.7 54.2
112 Gabon 0.541 140 252 91.2 18.7 67.2 l 84.0 l 39.1 57.0
112 Lebanon 0.432 108 29 20.3 4.7 54.3 k 55.6 k 20.8 64.3
114 Indonesia 0.444 110 177 33.9 21.0 51.0 58.2 53.7 81.7
115 Viet Nam 0.296 71 43 34.6 30.3 61.3 69.6 69.6 79.4
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
116 Philippines 0.419 101 121 48.2 28.0 73.4 69.1 43.8 68.3
117 Botswana 0.468 117 144 49.3 10.8 91.3 91.8 56.3 65.1
118 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.418 99 155 63.8 48.2 60.1 69.7 68.3 83.8
118 Kyrgyzstan 0.370 87 60 34.7 20.5 100.0 d 99.8 d 42.1 71.7
120 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.492 123 125 82.7 22.2 79.8 d 75.4 d 34.3 67.8
121 Iraq 0.558 145 79 62.2 28.9 42.0 h 52.9 h 11.1 71.8
122 Tajikistan 0.285 68 17 45.4 23.4 93.5 d 94.6 d 30.2 50.5
123 Belize 0.364 86 36 57.1 19.6 54.5 49.8 46.9 76.8
123 Morocco 0.425 104 70 25.9 20.4 30.9 37.1 22.0 66.0
125 El Salvador 0.376 88 46 55.9 27.4 42.7 51.4 43.6 72.6
126 Nicaragua 0.424 102 98 85.6 50.5 51.2 49.7 46.8 81.3
127 Bhutan 0.415 98 183 19.0 16.7 23.6 32.3 51.6 67.4
128 Cabo Verde 0.349 84 58 55.2 38.9 28.8 m 31.2 m 46.9 61.7
129 Bangladesh 0.530 131 173 75.5 20.9 50.6 58.5 34.9 78.8
130 Tuvalu .. .. .. 33.1 6.3 60.0 60.7 .. ..
131 Marshall Islands .. .. .. 58.0 6.1 91.6 92.5 .. ..
132 India 0.490 122 133 n 17.2 13.4 41.8 d 53.8 d 19.2 70.1
133 Ghana 0.529 130 308 64.2 14.5 58.0 d 73.2 d 64.5 72.2
134 Micronesia (Federated States of) .. .. 88 35.8 7.1 .. .. .. ..
135 Guatemala 0.481 121 95 64.1 19.4 29.5 35.8 37.4 80.3
136 Kiribati .. .. 92 40.5 6.7 .. .. .. ..
137 Honduras 0.431 107 65 72.0 27.3 35.8 44.8 42.3 78.9
138 Sao Tome and Principe 0.494 124 130 79.4 23.6 39.9 h 48.4 h 37.1 69.9
139 Namibia 0.445 111 195 64.9 35.6 41.5 d 44.1 d 54.5 62.2
140 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.478 120 185 73.2 22.0 37.7 47.7 74.8 78.1
140 Timor-Leste 0.378 89 142 33.9 38.5 33.7 41.8 61.0 72.2
140 Vanuatu .. .. 72 64.1 0.0 g .. .. 59.7 78.0
143 Nepal 0.452 113 186 63.8 33.6 28.8 d 44.7 d 78.7 80.8
144 Eswatini (Kingdom of) 0.540 138 437 69.9 18.4 34.0 36.2 45.6 53.6
145 Equatorial Guinea .. .. 301 139.7 20.3 .. .. 49.9 58.5
146 Cambodia 0.461 116 160 45.5 19.8 18.3 31.7 74.0 85.9
146 Zimbabwe 0.532 134 458 94.3 34.6 61.8 c 72.4 c 79.3 88.9
148 Angola 0.537 136 241 138.4 29.5 28.2 51.5 74.0 79.1
149 Myanmar 0.498 125 250 33.0 15.0 38.5 47.8 41.0 70.0
150 Syrian Arab Republic 0.477 119 31 38.7 11.2 37.1 o 43.4 o 15.7 70.8
151 Cameroon 0.565 148 529 110.4 31.1 36.8 d 55.0 d 70.2 80.7
152 Kenya 0.506 128 342 64.2 23.2 31.1 d 37.7 d 71.0 75.6
153 Congo 0.564 147 378 103.6 13.6 48.0 52.0 65.1 67.6
154 Zambia 0.540 138 213 117.0 15.1 47.1 d 56.8 d 69.2 77.8
155 Solomon Islands .. .. 104 60.3 8.0 .. .. 83.1 87.4
156 Comoros .. .. 273 58.2 16.7 .. .. 32.1 54.5
156 Papua New Guinea 0.725 169 145 55.3 0.0 g 10.8 15.5 46.3 48.1
158 Mauritania 0.632 161 766 78.0 20.3 14.5 d 21.9 d 27.4 62.2
159 Côte d'Ivoire 0.613 155 617 105.0 15.6 23.9 d 32.2 d 45.9 64.9
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
160 Tanzania (United Republic of) 0.560 146 524 123.7 36.9 13.0 c 19.1 c 79.5 87.1
161 Pakistan 0.534 135 140 42.3 19.9 22.1 28.7 20.7 78.1
162 Togo 0.580 149 396 77.9 18.7 13.9 d 42.3 d 55.5 59.4
163 Haiti 0.635 163 480 52.5 2.7 p 27.9 41.0 60.7 68.9
163 Nigeria 0.680 168 917 101.7 4.5 40.4 q 55.3 q 47.9 59.6
165 Rwanda 0.388 93 248 32.4 55.7 11.4 c 16.3 c 82.5 82.2
166 Benin 0.602 152 397 92.3 8.4 21.1 d 34.4 d 69.3 72.6
166 Uganda 0.530 131 375 107.9 33.8 29.3 36.3 64.2 71.3
168 Lesotho 0.557 144 544 89.6 22.9 27.2 f 24.6 f 56.1 71.3
169 Malawi 0.554 142 349 117.9 22.9 21.3 d 28.4 d 71.6 80.0
170 Senegal 0.530 131 315 66.5 43.0 11.1 c 30.9 c 33.5 56.7
171 Djibouti .. .. 248 22.7 26.2 .. .. 17.2 44.1
172 Sudan 0.553 141 295 79.9 31.0 r 16.4 20.1 28.7 67.8
173 Madagascar 0.556 143 335 119.4 17.2 27.3 s 29.8 s 81.5 87.6
174 Gambia 0.611 153 597 63.2 8.6 29.9 43.2 48.9 66.3
175 Ethiopia 0.520 129 401 69.2 39.5 9.1 20.1 72.3 84.7
176 Eritrea .. .. 480 64.4 22.0 p .. .. 70.2 83.6
177 Guinea-Bissau 0.627 159 667 87.5 13.7 9.8 22.8 63.9 78.4
178 Liberia 0.648 164 661 123.4 9.7 20.8 39.2 69.8 79.7
179 Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 0.601 151 473 109.0 14.3 40.3 h 69.1 h 61.2 69.1
180 Afghanistan 0.678 167 638 82.6 27.2 6.4 14.9 14.8 66.5
181 Sierra Leone 0.633 162 1,120 100.9 12.3 34.7 d 51.5 d 56.1 55.9
182 Guinea 0.621 157 576 114.8 16.7 t 7.2 c 19.7 c 62.1 62.2
183 Yemen 0.820 170 164 54.4 0.3 22.4 37.5 6.0 67.6
184 Burkina Faso 0.621 157 320 110.5 6.3 11.3 c 17.1 c 57.2 72.7
185 Mozambique 0.537 136 289 165.8 42.4 10.8 c 20.2 c 77.7 78.9
186 Mali 0.613 155 562 150.1 27.3 8.0 15.5 57.7 79.7
187 Burundi 0.505 127 548 53.6 38.9 7.8 c 13.0 c 79.0 77.4
188 Central African Republic 0.672 166 829 160.5 12.9 13.9 31.6 63.3 79.5
189 Niger 0.611 153 509 170.5 25.9 9.2 d 15.2 d 61.7 84.3
190 Chad 0.652 165 1,140 138.3 32.3 7.7 s 24.4 s 46.9 69.9
191 South Sudan 0.587 150 1,150 99.2 32.3 26.5 36.4 70.4 73.6
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of) .. .. 89 2.3 17.6 .. .. 77.2 86.1
Monaco .. .. .. 7.2 33.3 .. .. .. ..
Nauru .. .. .. 72.5 10.5 .. .. .. ..
Somalia .. .. 829 118.0 24.6 .. .. 20.9 47.0
Human development groups
Very high human development 0.155 ? 15 14.1 29.1 87.0 89.4 52.6 68.4
High human development 0.329 ? 62 28.0 25.8 72.7 78.0 53.6 73.5
Medium human development 0.494 ? 175 38.1 21.8 44.0 54.2 28.8 71.3
Low human development 0.577 ? 499 89.5 24.3 22.8 34.1 49.3 73.2
Developing countries 0.487 ? 247 46.5 23.9 56.9 64.7 44.4 72.8
Regions
Arab States 0.536 ? 150 45.3 18.3 53.8 60.4 19.3 69.5
East Asia and the Pacific 0.337 ? 82 21.6 20.9 71.4 78.2 59.7 75.2
Europe and Central Asia 0.227 ? 20 20.1 26.1 83.4 89.7 42.9 67.0
Latin America and the Caribbean 0.381 ? 75 53.4 33.2 63.2 63.2 48.6 72.7
South Asia 0.508 ? 153 28.9 17.6 42.2 52.8 21.6 71.6
Sub-Saharan Africa 0.569 ? 536 100.9 25.7 31.1 44.3 62.1 72.3
Least developed countries 0.562 ? 417 93.7 24.7 27.5 38.7 54.6 75.8
Small island developing states 0.461 ? 212 50.9 26.7 62.1 65.7 50.4 68.7
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 0.185 ? 18 19.2 32.4 86.7 89.1 51.8 67.8
World 0.465 ? 225 42.5 25.9 64.2 70.3 46.2 71.7
Notes
a. Estimates modelled by the International Labour Organization.
b. Data refer to 2021 or the most recent year available.
c. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2022).
d. Updated by HDRO based on data from Barro and Lee (2018) and UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2022).
e. Updated by HDRO based on data from OECD (2022) and UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2022).
f. HDRO estimate based on data from Robert Barro and Jong-Wha Lee, ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics.
g. In calculating the Gender Inequality Index, a value of 0.1 percent was used.
h. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2022) and UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys for various years.
i. Updated by HDRO using projections from Barro and Lee (2018).
j. Excludes the 36 special rotating delegates appointed on an ad hoc basis.
k. Based on cross-country regression.
l. Updated by HDRO based on data from Barro and Lee (2018) and ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys for various years.
m. Updated by HDRO based on data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics for various years.
n. A special update by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and United Nations Population Division (2019), communicated to HDRO on 7 September 2020.
o. Based on projections from Barro and Lee (2018).
p. Refers to 2019.
q. Updated by HDRO based on data from ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys for various years.
r. Refers to 2018.
s. Updated by HDRO based on data from ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys for various years and UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2022).
t. Refers to 2020.
Definitions
Gender Inequality Index: A composite measure reflecting inequality in achievement between women and men in three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment and the labour market. See Technical note 4 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2022_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the Gender Inequality Index is calculated.
Maternal mortality ratio: Number of deaths due to pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births.
Adolescent birth rate: Number of births to women ages 15?19 per 1,000 women ages 15?19.
Share of seats in parliament: Proportion of seats held by women in the national parliament expressed as a percentage of total seats. For countries with a bicameral legislative system, the share of seats is calculated based on both houses.
Population with at least some secondary education: Percentage of the population ages 25 and older that has reached (but not necessarily completed) a secondary level of education.
Labour force participation rate: Proportion of the working-age population (ages 15 and older) that engages in the labour market, either by working or actively looking for work, expressed as a percentage of the working-age population.
Main data sources
Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data in columns 3?9.
Column 2: Calculated based on data in column 1.
Column 3: WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and United Nations Population Division (2019).
Column 4: UNDESA (2022a).
Column 5: IPU (2022).
Columns 6 and 7: Barro and Lee (2018), ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys, OECD (2022), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2022) and UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys.
Columns 8 and 9: ILO (2022).
Source

Human Development Indices: A statistical update 2022

Source:  United Nations Development Programme

The Human Development Report is a reliable source and an alternative perspective on critical issues for human development worldwide. Featuring the Human Development Index, every report presents agenda-setting data and analysis and calls international attention to issues and policy options that put people at the center of strategies to meet the challenges of development today - economic, social, political, and cultural.
Last update in UNdata: 2022/12/12
Next update in UNdata: 2023/12/01
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