Region | Europe | |
Population (000, 2021) | 151 945a | |
Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 117.3a | |
Surface area (km2) | 1 294 920b | |
Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 95.6a,c |
2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 4 302 051 | 3 621 001 | 4 088 495b |
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 0.7 | 1.9 | 1.2b |
GDP per capita (current US$) | 28 121.4 | 23 662.0 | 26 825.2b |
Employment in agricultured (% of employed) | 7.6 | 6.9 | 6.1e |
Employment in industryd (% of employed) | 25.8 | 23.5 | 23.4e |
Employment in servicesd (% employed) | 66.6 | 69.6 | 70.5e |
Unemploymentd (% of labour force) | 14.3 | 17.2 | 11.3e |
Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %) | 44.7 / 62.7 | 45.6 / 61.4 | 45.9 / 60.9e |
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 101 | 101 | 100b |
International trade: exports (million current US$) | 830 354 | 886 303 | 998 453e |
International trade: imports (million current US$) | 1 039 442 | 925 163 | 1 009 159e |
International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 209 088 | - 38 860 | - 10 706e |
2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
Population growth ratec,f (average annual %) | 0.4 | ~0.0 | -0.1e |
Urban population (% of total population) | 69.2 | 70.6 | 71.8b |
Urban population growth ratef (average annual %) | 0.9 | 0.2 | ... |
Fertility rate, totalc,f (live births per woman) | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4e |
Life expectancy at birthc,f (females/males, years) | 82.9 / 77.1 | 83.8 / 78.5 | 84.5 / 79.5e |
Population age distributionc (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 14.9 / 24.0 | 14.5 / 25.8 | 13.7 / 28.4a |
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 16 206.3 / 10.6 | 15 815.5 / 10.3 | 17 665.7 / 11.6e |
Infant mortality ratec,f (per 1 000 live births) | 4.3 | 3.6 | 3.1e |
Intentional homicide rated (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.7g |
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 23 | 30 | 34.2h |
2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
Forested area (% of land area) | 34.9 | 35.3 | 35.3g |
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 96.9 / 93.4 | 96.8 / 93.0 | 96.8 / 92.7e |
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 78.4 / 55.0 | 80.9 / 57.2 | 82.5 / 61.0e |