General Information

Region		Europe
Population (000, 2020)		152 215
Pop. density (per km2, 2020)		117.5
Surface area (km2)		1 317 000a
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		95.5b

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2020
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	4 302 127	3 619 794	4 209 516c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.7	1.9	1.6c
GDP per capita (current US$)	28 121.9	23 654.1	27 584.7c
Employment in agricultured (% of employed)	7.6	6.9	6.1
Employment in industryd (% of employed)	25.8	23.5	23.4
Employment in servicesd (% employed)	66.6	69.6	70.5
Unemploymentd (% of labour force)	14.3	17.2	11.3
Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %)	44.7 / 62.7	45.6 / 61.4	45.9 / 60.9
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	100	98	99e
International trade: exports (million current US$)	830 354	886 303	1 070 693f
International trade: imports (million current US$)	1 039 442	925 085	1 134 330f
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 209 088	- 38 782	- 63 637f

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Population growth rateg (average annual %)	0.4	~0.0	-0.1
Urban population (% of total population)	69.2	70.6	71.8f
Urban population growth rateg (average annual %)	0.9	0.2	...
Fertility rate, totalb,g (live births per woman)	1.5	1.4	1.4
Life expectancy at birthb,g (females/males, years)	82.9 / 77.1	83.8 / 78.5	84.5 / 79.5
Population age distributionb (0-14/60+ years old, %)	14.9 / 24.0	14.5 / 25.8	13.9 / 27.9
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	16 206.1 / 10.6	15 815.4 / 10.3	16 503.6 / 10.8f
Infant mortality rateb,g (per 1 000 live births)	4.3	3.6	3.1
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.2	0.9	0.7c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	23	30	33.3h

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Forested area (% of land area)	34.8	35.2	35.2a
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	82.6 / 63.2	84.7 / 65.1	85.2 / 65.4a