| Region | Asia | |
| Population (000, 2020) | 668 620 | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2020) | 154 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 4 495 000a | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 99.8 |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2020 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 1 980 866 | 2 466 781 | 2 974 090b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 7.9 | 4.7 | 5b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 3 318.3 | 3 888.9 | 4 538.5b |
| Employment in agriculturec (% of employed) | 40.5 | 35.2 | 29.8 |
| Employment in industryc (% of employed) | 19.2 | 21.3 | 22.9 |
| Employment in servicesc (% employed) | 40.3 | 43.5 | 47.3 |
| Unemploymentc (% of labour force) | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.1 |
| Labour force participation ratec (female/male pop. %) | 56.5 / 81.1 | 56.2 / 80.5 | 56.0 / 79.3 |
| Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100) | 120 | 134 | 133d |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 1 054 178 | 1 172 850 | 1 409 910e |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 953 410 | 1 100 730 | 1 373 529e |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | 100 767 | 72 119 | 36 381e |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2020 | |
| Population growth ratef (average annual %) | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 44.3 | 47.2 | 49.4e |
| Urban population growth ratef (average annual %) | 2.7 | 2.5 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalf (live births per woman) | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
| Life expectancy at birthf (females/males, years) | 72.5 / 66.8 | 74.3 / 68.2 | 75.5 / 69.5 |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 27.9 / 8.1 | 26.5 / 9.4 | 25.2 / 11.1 |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 8 685.6 / 1.5 | 10 237.7 / 1.6 | 10 190.9 / 1.5e |
| Infant mortality ratef (per 1 000 live births) | 28.6 | 24 | 19.5 |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 107.1 / 106.8 | 106.1 / 108.9 | 105.6 / 108.2c,b |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 71.3 / 70.5 | 80.9 / 80.7 | 83.5 / 81.4c,b |
| Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 27.7 / 26.0 | 35.7 / 30.3 | 37.8 / 30.6c,b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.2b |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 19.3 | 17.8 | 20.4g |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2020 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 18.8 | 31.9 | 48.2b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1a |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 49.4 | 48.6 | 47.8a |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 30.7 | 34.2 | 35.6e |