General Information

Region		Europe
Population (000, 2021)		196 603a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		181.2a
Surface area (km2)		1 084 794b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		96.7a,c

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	8 425 993	8 176 097	9 278 618b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	3	1.5	1.1b
GDP per capita (current US$)	44 300.9	42 095.5	46 922.4b
Employment in agricultured (% of employed)	2.4	2.1	1.8e
Employment in industryd (% of employed)	24.7	23.6	22.9e
Employment in servicesd (% employed)	72.9	74.2	75.3e
Unemploymentd (% of labour force)	7.2	6.9	5e
Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %)	52.6 / 65.4	53.5 / 64.6	53.9 / 64.3e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	96	101	97b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	3 034 038	3 134 738	3 217 514e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	2 838 360	2 824 980	3 012 168e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	195 679	309 758	205 346e

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth ratec,f (average annual %)	0.2	0.4	0.4e
Urban population (% of total population)	78.5	79.4	80b
Urban population growth ratef (average annual %)	0.6	0.6	...
Fertility rate, totalc,f (live births per woman)	1.6	1.7	1.7e
Life expectancy at birthc,f (females/males, years)	83.0 / 77.3	83.7 / 78.4	84.2 / 79.2e
Population age distributionc (0-14/60+ years old, %)	15.9 / 24.3	15.6 / 25.8	15.6 / 27.8a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	24 015.3 / 12.8	25 918.6 / 13.5	33 231.1 / 16.9e
Infant mortality ratec,f (per 1 000 live births)	3.8	3.4	3.1e
Intentional homicide rated (per 100 000 pop.)	1.1	1.1	1g
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	28.4	32	36.1h

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Forested area (% of land area)	31.4	31.8	32.1g
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	98.9 / ...	99.4 / ...	99.6 / ...e
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	97.9 / 83.6	98.2 / 84.0	98.3 / 84.3e