General Information

Region		Europe
Population (000, 2025)		284 452a
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		15.8a
Surface area (km2)		18 052 768b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		88.9a

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	2 631 001	3 168 405	4 226 722b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.2	-2.9	2.2b
GDP per capita (current US$)	8 920.0	10 787.0	14 776.0b
Employment in agriculturec (% of employed)	10.2	9	8.1b
Employment in industryc (% of employed)	28	27.9	27.9b
Employment in servicesc (% employed)	61.8	63	64b
Unemploymentc (% of labour force)	6.6	5.6	3.9
Labour force participation ratec (female/male pop. %)	52.8 / 67.8	52.0 / 67.3	51.6 / 66.2
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	98	105	109b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	1 024 008	1 174 097	1 589 295d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	847 978	1 075 128	1 469 692d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	176 030	98 970	119 604d

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	~0.0	-0.4	-0.1a
Urban population (% of total population)	69.3	69.8e	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	~0.0f	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.6	1.5	1.4a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	77.8 / 68.3	77.4 / 68.4	80.0 / 70.2a
Population age distributiong (0-14/60+ years old, %)	16.0 / 21.3	16.7 / 23.6	15.9 / 25.3a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	17 559.2 / 6.0	16 162.5 / 5.5	18 646.1 / 6.5d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	7.6	5.6	4.9a
Intentional homicide ratec (per 100 000 pop.)	7.2	4.6	3.9b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	16.9	22.4h	23.5h

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Forested area (% of land area)	47.7	47.7	47.7c,i
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	... / 73.8	... / 73.9	... / 73.6i
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	58.0 / ...	61.0 / ...	61.5 / ...i