General Information

Region		Sub-Saharan Africa
Population (000, 2020)		445 406
Pop. density (per km2, 2020)		66.8
Surface area (km2)		7 005 000a
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		98.5

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2020
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	217 860	321 979	393 669b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	7.9	5.9	6b
GDP per capita (current US$)	644	828.6	934.1b
Employment in agriculturec (% of employed)	69.7	66.2	63.7
Employment in industryc (% of employed)	7.4	8.1	8.7
Employment in servicesc (% employed)	22.9	25.6	27.6
Unemploymentc (% of labour force)	4	3.3	3.2
Labour force participation ratec (female/male pop. %)	73.3 / 83.6	72.7 / 82.9	72.9 / 82.0
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	124	145	140d
International trade: exports (million current US$)	31 652	40 728	42 498e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	62 688	94 004	90 934e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 31 036	- 53 276	- 48 436e

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Population growth ratef (average annual %)	2.8	2.8	2.7
Urban population (% of total population)	24.4	26.6	28.5e
Urban population growth ratef (average annual %)	4.4	4.6	...
Fertility rate, totalf (live births per woman)	5.4	4.9	4.4
Life expectancy at birthf (females/males, years)	57.7 / 54.4	62.9 / 59.0	66.2 / 62.1
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	44.9 / 4.3	43.6 / 4.4	41.8 / 4.6
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	4 757.9 / 1.4	6 716.5 / 1.7	7 908.2 / 1.8e
Infant mortality ratef (per 1 000 live births)	62.6	50.4	42
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	21.6	27.2	30.9g

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	4.5	14.5	17.6b
Forested area (% of land area)	32.4	32.6	32.6a
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	45.6 / 5.8	50.8 / 7.9	53.2 / 8.9a