General Information

Region		Sub-Saharan Africa
Population (000, 2020)		401 861a
Pop. density (per km2, 2020)		66.3
Surface area (km2)		6 138 000b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		101.4a

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2020
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	506 581	667 313	646 513c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	7.5	3	3.2c
GDP per capita (current US$)	1 649.9	1 897.3	1 696.0c
Employment in agricultured (% of employed)	48.2	42.6	39.9
Employment in industryd (% of employed)	11.2	13.3	13.9
Employment in servicesd (% employed)	40.6	44.2	46.2
Unemploymentd (% of labour force)	4.4	4.6	6
Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %)	57.1 / 69.5	53.1 / 65.2	52.5 / 64.3
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	113	130	131e
International trade: exports (million current US$)	113 448	90 470	129 687f
International trade: imports (million current US$)	83 254	88 302	130 577f
International trade: balance (million current US$)	30 194	2 168	-889f

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Population growth rateg (average annual %)	2.7	2.7	2.7
Urban population (% of total population)	41.1	44.5	47f
Urban population growth rateg (average annual %)	4.4	4.3	...
Fertility rate, totala,g (live births per woman)	5.7	5.5	5.2
Life expectancy at birtha,g (females/males, years)	53.5 / 51.6	56.0 / 54.1	58.4 / 56.3
Population age distributiona (0-14/60+ years old, %)	44.2 / 4.5	44.0 / 4.5	43.1 / 4.6
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	6 315.4 / 2.1	7 065.9 / 2.0	7 398.4 / 1.9f
Infant mortality ratea,g (per 1 000 live births)	81.2	68.5	57.3
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	11.6	14.5	14.8h

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	7.7	27.2	35.8c
Forested area (% of land area)	11.6	11.1	11.1b
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	33.3 / 12.4	33.5 / 14.5	33.6 / 15.4b
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	21.2 / 16.3	21.8 / 16.8	21.9 / 17.0b