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General Information

Region		Eastern Africa
Population (000, 2025)		16 951^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		43.8^a
Capital city		Harare
Capital city pop. (000, 2025)		1 521.3^c
UN membership date		25 August 1980
Surface area (km2)		390 757^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		91.3^a
National currency		Zimbabwe Gold (ZiG)
Exchange rate (per US$)		25.8^d

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	19 963	21 665	30 368^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	1.8	-7.8	5.4^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	1 386.0	1 395.0	1 858.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	9.3	9.3	4.4^b
Economy: Industry^e (% of Gross Value Added)	25	34.7	28.3^b
Economy: Services and other activity^e (% of GVA)	65.7	56	67.2^b
Employment in agriculture^f (% of employed)	66.5	58.7	52.5^b
Employment in industry^f (% of employed)	7.9	12.3	12.3^b
Employment in services^f (% employed)	25.6	29	35.1^b
Unemployment^f (% of labour force)	5.4	8.6	8.3
Labour force participation rate^f (female/male pop. %)	60.5 / 73.2	59.5 / 71.1	59.5 / 71.1
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	106	2 725	11 077^g
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	129	139^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	3 411	4 395^f	7 434^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	6 053	5 632^f	9 533^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 2 642	- 1 237^f	- 2 099^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 1 597	1 096	134^b

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	1.3	1.7	1.9^a
Urban population (% of total population)	32.4	32.2^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1.8^h	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	3.9	3.8	3.6^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	60.5 / 57.3	63.7 / 59.1	65.6 / 60.8^a
Population age distributionⁱ (0-14/60+ years old, %)	43.8 / 5.2	42.2 / 5.3	40.3 / 5.0^a
International migrant stock^j (000/% of total pop.)	400.5 / 2.8	416.1 / 2.7	429.1 / 2.6^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	308.1	292.1	23.3^d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	60.8	50	43.2^a
Health: Current expenditure^k (% of GDP)	7.4	3	3.6^g
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.2	0.1	0.1^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	96.5 / 98.0	94.0 / 93.2	93.8 / 92.7^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	69.2 / 67.4^l	... / ...	... / ...
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	40.2 / 45.8^l	... / ...	... / ...
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	7.1^m	5	6.8^g
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	31.5	31.8ⁿ	30.1ⁿ

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	22.7^f,o	29.3^o	38.4^f,b
Threatened species (number)	60	122	140^d
Forested area (% of land area)	45.7	45.1	44.9^g
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	11.8 / 0.8	8.2 / 0.5	12.1 / 0.8^g
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	438	424	471^g
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	32	29	32^g
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	2 057	639	1 044^g
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	85.1	85.1	85.1^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	54.9 / 14.0	55.4 / 12.9	55.5 / 12.6^g
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	33.1 / 31.5	36.0 / 30.6	34.7 / 30.4^g
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	4.48	4.68	3.02^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		2024
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Estimate.
g		2022
h		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
i		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
j		Including refugees.
k		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
l		2013
m		2012
n		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
o		Population aged 3 years and over.