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General Information

Region		Eastern Africa
Population (000, 2025)		337^a,b
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		898.7^a,b
Capital city		Mamoudzou
Capital city pop. (000, 2025)		6.2^c
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		91.8^a,b
National currency		Euro (EUR)
Exchange rate (per US$)		1^d

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate^a (average annual %)	4.1	3.3	3.1^b
Urban population (% of total population)	47	45.9^e	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2^f	...	...
Fertility rate, total^a (live births per woman)	4.7	4.2	4.5^b
Life expectancy at birth^a (females/males, years)	78.6 / 75.3	77.2 / 71.8	78.7 / 74.4^b
Population age distribution^a,g (0-14/60+ years old, %)	45.0 / 4.2	43.8 / 4.3	42.6 / 4.6^b
International migrant stock^h,i (000/% of total pop.)	81.4 / 33.1	111.5 / 39.2	143.5 / 44.0^d
Under five mortality rate^a (per 1000 live births)	9.8	12.3	10.4^b

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Threatened species (number)	84	102	200^d
Forested area (% of land area)	37.8	37.9	37.7^j
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	0.3 / 1.3^k	... / ...	... / ...
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	0^l,k	...	...
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	20^l,k	...	...
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	63.2	63.6	76.3^d

Footnotes

a		For statistical purposes, the data for France do not include this area.
b		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
c		2018
d		2024
e		2019
f		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
g		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
h		For statistical purposes, the foreign-born population includes persons born in Regions of Metropolitan France and in French Guiana, French Polynesia, Guadeloupe, Martinique, New Caledonia, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (French part), and Wallis and Futuna Islands.
i		Including refugees.
j		2022
k		2010
l		Data after 2010 are included in France.