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General Information

Region		South America
Population (000, 2021)		3 485^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		19.9^a
Capital city		Montevideo
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		1 744.7^c,b
UN membership date		18-Dec-45
Surface area (km2)		173 626^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		93.6^a
National currency		Peso Uruguayo (UYU)
Exchange rate (per US$)		42.3^d

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	40 285	53 274	56 046^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	7.8	0.4	0.2^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	11 992.0	15 613.8	16 190.1^b
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)	8	6.7	6.5^b
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	27.3	28	26.6^b
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)	64.7	65.3	66.9^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	11.6	8.8	7.9^e,d
Employment in industry (% of employed)	21.4	20.5	18.7^e,d
Employment in services (% employed)	67	70.7	73.4^e,d
Unemployment^e (% of labour force)	7.2	7.5	8.8^d
Labour force participation rate^e (female/male pop. %)	55.3 / 76.8	55.7 / 75.2	55.7 / 73.4^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index^f (2010=100)	100	150	223^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	93	101	102^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	6 724	7 670	6 853^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	8 622	9 489	7 564^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 1 898	- 1 820	-711^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-731	-147	-297^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^g (average annual %)	0.2	0.3	0.4^d
Urban population (% of total population)	94.4	95	95.4^b
Urban population growth rate^g (average annual %)	0.5	0.5	...
Fertility rate, total^g (live births per woman)	2	2	2^d
Life expectancy at birth^g (females/males, years)	80.0 / 72.6	80.7 / 73.2	81.3 / 73.9^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	22.2 / 18.5	21.1 / 19.2	20.2 / 20.5^a
International migrant stock^h (000/% of total pop.)	76.3 / 2.3	78.8 / 2.3	108.3 / 3.1^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	0.2ⁱ	0.4	27.2^d
Infant mortality rate^g (per 1 000 live births)	11.3	10	8.7^d
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	8.6	9	9.2^j
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	4^k	...	4.9^l
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	2.9^m	4.4ⁿ	5^j
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	110.9 / 114.6	109.8 / 112.2	105.5 / 106.5^j
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	109.5 / 93.2	... / ...	127.7 / 114.9^j
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	104.6 / 79.4	... / ...	128.3 / 105.3^j
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	6.1	8.6	12.1^j
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	14.1	13.1	24.2^o

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	46.4^p	64.6	77.4^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.3	0.4	0.4^j
Threatened species (number)	80	103	136
Forested area (% of land area)	9.9	11	11.4^j
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	6.0 / 1.8	6.3 / 1.8	6.2 / 1.8^j
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	89	126	137^j
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	52	62	65^j
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	2 353	2 773	3 469^j
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	12	21.5	23.3^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	94.2 / ...	94.5 / ...	94.6 / ...^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.12	0.05	0.07^l

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		Data refer to the department of Montevideo and localities of the departments of Canelones and San José (Cerámicas del Sur and Ciudad del Plata).
d		2020
e		Estimate.
f		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
g		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
h		Including refugees.
i		Data as at the end of December.
j		2018
k		2008
l		2017
m		2006
n		2011
o		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
p		Population aged 6 years and over.