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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product^f (million current US$)	47 379	63 372	78 353^c
GDP growth rate^f (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	6.2	4.5	5.1^c
GDP per capita^f (current US$)	937	1 069.0	1 209.0^c
Economy: Agriculture^f,g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	29.2	28.7	28.4^c
Economy: Industry^f,g,i (% of Gross Value Added)	26.7	31.4	31.9^c
Economy: Services and other activity^f,g,j (% of GVA)	44.1	39.9	39.7^c
Employment in agriculture^k (% of employed)	67.6	65.8	65.4^c
Employment in industry^k (% of employed)	6.5	8	8.4^c
Employment in services^k (% employed)	25.9	26.2	26.2^c
Unemployment (% of labour force)	2.2^k	2.8	2.6^k
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	80.1 / 88.0^k	76.1 / 84.9	80.1 / 87.4^k
CPI: Consumer Price Index^l (2010=100)	158^m	194	224^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	103	109	114^c
International trade: exports (million current US$)	5 854	6 076	7 711^k,e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	14 706	8 517	17 656^k,e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 8 852	- 2 440	- 9 945^k,e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 2 619	- 1 459	- 2 958^c

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate^b (average annual %)	3.4	3	2.8^a
Urban population^b (% of total population)	31.6	34.5ⁿ	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	5.5^b,o	...	...
Fertility rate, total^b (live births per woman)	5	4.8	4.5^a
Life expectancy at birth^b (females/males, years)	66.2 / 61.6	70.0 / 63.7	70.2 / 64.6^a
Population age distribution^b,p (0-14/60+ years old, %)	44.5 / 4.6	43.4 / 4.6	42.3 / 4.5^a
International migrant stock^q (000/% of total pop.)	384.6 / 0.7	426.0 / 0.7	462.4 / 0.7^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	328.2	293.2	236.6^e
Under five mortality rate^b (per 1000 live births)	54.5	43.9	37.1^a
Health: Current expenditure^f,r (% of GDP)	3.6	3.1	3.1^s
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.1^t	~0.0^d	0.1^s
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	86.0 / 82.4	99.6 / 97.6	98.0 / 93.3^c
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	35.5 / 34.9	44.2 / 40.0	40.0 / 36.4^u
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	4.8 / 7.1	5.3 / 6.9	5.1 / 6.8^u
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	7.2	3.7	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	36	36.9^v	37.8^v

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^k (per 100 inhabitants)	10	17.8	29.1^c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.5^w,x	...	...
Threatened species (number)	1 077	1 259	1 745^e
Forested area (% of land area)	54.3	51.6	50.6^s
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	11.9 / 0.2	13.8 / 0.2	17.1 / 0.3^s
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	791	912	968^s
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	18	17	17^s
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	1 137	621	1 027^u
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	57.1	64.8	65^e
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	23.6 / 2.5	24.9 / 3.0	25.5 / 3.1^s
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	29.8 / 16.6	34.4 / 19.8	34.4 / 19.8^s
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	5.54	3.52	3.93^c

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		Including Zanzibar.
c		2023
d		2018
e		2024
f		Tanzania mainland only, excluding Zanzibar.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
i		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
j		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
k		Estimate.
l		For Tanganyika only.
m		Break in the time series.
n		2019
o		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
p		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
q		Including refugees.
r		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 July.
s		2022
t		2014
u		2021
v		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
w		Excluding business enterprise.
x		2013