| Region | Central Asia | |
| Population (000, 2024) | 7 494a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2024) | 15.9a | |
| Capital city | Ashgabat | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2024) | 828.1d | |
| UN membership date | 02 March 1992 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 488 100b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 96.4a | |
| National currency | Turkmen. Manat (TMT)c | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 3.5e,f |
| 2015 | 2020 | 2024 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 36 052 | 46 141 | 67 009b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 3 | -2.9 | 1.6b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 6 252.0 | 7 382.1 | 10 420.1b |
| Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added) | 9.4 | 11.2 | 11.1b |
| Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added) | 55.1 | 45.4 | 44.3b |
| Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) | 35.5 | 43.4 | 44.6b |
| Employment in agricultureg (% of employed) | 26.4 | 23.4 | 22.7b |
| Employment in industryg (% of employed) | 31.7 | 33.5 | 33.7b |
| Employment in servicesg (% employed) | 42 | 43.1 | 43.6b |
| Unemploymentg (% of labour force) | 4 | 4.6 | 4.2 |
| Labour force participation rateg (female/male pop. %) | 49.3 / 47.0 | 47.6 / 45.3 | 49.2 / 46.6 |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 97 | 119 | 117b |
| International trade: exportsg (million current US$) | 9 666 | 6 492 | 13 882f |
| International trade: importsg (million current US$) | 6 193 | 3 233 | 3 571f |
| International trade: balanceg (million current US$) | 3 473 | 3 259 | 10 311f |
| 2015 | 2020 | 2024 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.7a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 50.3 | 52d | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.5h | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 3 | 2.8 | 2.7a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 72.1 / 65.7 | 71.9 / 65.4 | 73.0 / 67.0a |
| Population age distributioni (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 29.7 / 5.9 | 31.2 / 6.8 | 31.5 / 7.9a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 196.4 / 3.5j | 194.9 / 3.2j | ... / ... |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 7.2 | 3.8 | 3.4f |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 42.6 | 41.8 | 35.8a |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.1 | 5.7 | 5.6k |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1k |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 3l | 3.1d | ... |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | ... / ... | 109.9 / 109.0 | 110.9 / 109.7b |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | ... / ... | 91.0 / 90.3 | 111.8 / 110.7b |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | ... / ... | 81.5 / 81.0 | 40.9 / 41.1b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.1 | ... | ... |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 25.8 | 25m | 25.6m |
| 2015 | 2020 | 2024 | |
| Individuals using the Internetg (per 100 inhabitants) | 15 | 21.3n | ... |
| Threatened species (number) | 49 | 59 | 59f |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 8.8g | 8.8g | 8.8k |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 60.5 / 10.5 | 61.4 / 9.8 | 61.4 / 9.7k |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 3 407 | 3 255 | 3 283k |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 171 | 162 | 159k |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 14 | 14 | 14f |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 96.4 / 85.1 | 97.1 / 92.3 | 97.1 / 92.3b |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.07 | 0.06d | ... |
| Footnotes |
| a | Projected estimate (medium fertility variant). | |
| b | 2022 | |
| c | Turkmenistan New Manat. | |
| d | 2019 | |
| e | UN operational exchange rate. | |
| f | 2023 | |
| g | Estimate. | |
| h | Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year. | |
| i | Calculated by the UN Statistics Division. | |
| j | Including refugees. | |
| k | 2021 | |
| l | 2012 | |
| m | Data are as at 1 January of reporting year. | |
| n | 2017 |