UNData

General Information

Region		Central Asia
Population (000, 2019)		9 321
Pop. density (per km2, 2019)		66.6
Capital city		Dushanbe
Capital city pop. (000, 2019)		893.8
UN membership date		2-Mar-92
Surface area (km2)		142 600^a
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		101.6
National currency		Somoni (TJS)
Exchange rate (per US$)		9.4^b

Economic indicators

	2005	2010	2019
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	2 312	5 642	7 146^a
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2010 prices)	6.7	6.5	7.1^a
GDP per capita (current US$)	337.4	738.3	801^a
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)	23.8	21.8	23.6^a
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	30.7	27.9	29.6^a
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)	45.6	50.3	46.8^a
Employment: Agriculture^c (% of employed)	56.7	53.1	50.7
Employment: Industry^c (% of employed)	16.2	15.5	16.7
Employment: Services^c (% employed)	27.1	31.4	32.6
Unemployment^c (% of labour force)	11.2	11.7	10.3
Labour force participation^c (female/male pop. %)	30.2 / 54.9	29.5 / 57.0	27.7 / 59.9
CPI: Consumer Price Index^d (2010=100)	...	100	166^b
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	99	124	159^e
Index of industrial production^f (2005=100)	100	114	145^g
International trade: Exports^c (million current US$)	905	1 206	1 573^b
International trade: Imports^c (million current US$)	1 329	2 659	2 774^b
International trade: Balance (million current US$)	-424	- 1 453	- 1 201^b
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-296	-581	-378^b

Social indicators

	2005	2010	2019
Population growth rate^h (average annual %)	1.8	2.1	2.3ⁱ
Urban population (% of total population)	26.5	26.5	27.3
Urban population growth rate^h (average annual %)	2	2.2	2.4ⁱ
Fertility rate, total^h (live births per woman)	3.7	3.6	3.6ⁱ
Life expectancy at birth^h (females/males, years)	66.2 / 62.1	70.1 / 65.6	71.8 / 67.2ⁱ
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	38.0 / 5.1	35.7 / 4.8	37.1 / 5.5
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	280.4 / 4.1	278.2 / 3.6	273.3 / 3.1^a
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	1.1^j	7.1^j	10.2^b
Infant mortality rate^h (per 1 000 live births)	57.2	39	34.1ⁱ
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	5.2	5.7	7^e
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.9	1.7	1.7^g
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	3.5	4	5.2ⁱ
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	96.9 / 100.2	98.0 / 100.4	98.1 / 99.5^a
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	73.6 / 88.5	78.3 / 89.7	82.7 / 92.0^k
Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	13.4 / 28.0	15.8 / 29.9	26.4 / 35.2^a
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	2.3	2.4	1.6^l
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	12.7	17.5	19

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2005	2010	2019
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	0.3	11.6^c	22^c,a
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.1	0.1^m,n	0.1^m,n,e
Threatened species (number)	24^o	40	47
Forested area (% of land area)	2.9	2.9^c	3^c,e
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	2.4 / 0.4	2.5 / 0.3	5.2 / 0.6^g
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	115	115	136^e
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	23	19	19^e
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	5^p	160	431^a
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	20.5	20.5	21^b
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	10.13	5.57	3.84^a

Footnotes

a		2017
b		2018
c		Estimate.
d		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
e		2016
f		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 3.
g		2014
h		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
i		2015
j		Data as at the end of December.
k		2013
l		2011
m		Excluding business enterprise.
n		Excluding private non-profit.
o		2004
p		2001