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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	8 271	8 134	12 061^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	6	4.4	8.3^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	957	834	1 161.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	23.9	24.7^f	27^f,b
Economy: Industry^e (% of Gross Value Added)	30.8	36.8^g	26.7^g,b
Economy: Services and other activity^e (% of GVA)	45.3	38.4^h	46.3^h,b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	48.4	44.7	42.7^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	17.5	19.3	20.1^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	34.1	36	37.1^b
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	11.5	12.3	12
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	32.2 / 53.5	31.1 / 50.9	31.8 / 51.1
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j (2010=100)	140	194	241^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	148	147^b
International trade: exportsⁱ (million current US$)	979	718	1 608^d
International trade: importsⁱ (million current US$)	3 216	3 139	4 068^d
International trade: balanceⁱ (million current US$)	- 2 238	- 2 421	- 2 460^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-477	354	887^d

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	2.6	2.2	1.8^a
Urban population (% of total population)	26.7	27.3^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2.4^k	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	3.5	3.2	3^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	72.2 / 67.2	71.1 / 66.2	74.3 / 69.8^a
Population age distribution^l (0-14/60+ years old, %)	36.3 / 4.8	36.4 / 5.8	35.9 / 6.9^a
International migrant stock^m (000/% of total pop.)	275.1 / 3.2	276.0 / 2.8	276.8 / 2.6^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	11.9	11.8	16.8^n,d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	37.8	32.7	25.2^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	6.9ⁱ	8.9ⁱ	7.6^o
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.7	2	1.9^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	88.7 / 93.7	96.8 / 98.2^p	92.6 / 98.9^d
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	89.0 / 98.2	90.5 / 97.8^p	91.3 / 97.3^d
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	54.6 / 80.4^q	67.2 / ...	57.2 / 71.7^d
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.6^r	0.9	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	16.9	19^s	27^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internetⁱ (per 100 inhabitants)	19	27.5	56.8^b
Research & Development expenditure^t,u (% of GDP)	0.1	0.1	...
Threatened species (number)	41	48	62^d
Forested area (% of land area)	3	3.1	3.1^o
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	4.7 / 0.5	7.5 / 0.8	8.6 / 0.8^o
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	131ⁱ	156	168^o
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	19	21	22^o
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	414	351	296^v
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	16.8	16.8	18.7^d
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	... / 58.4	... / 59.3	... / 59.3^o
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	4.41	7.53	3.49^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		2024
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
m		Including refugees.
n		Based on the information reported in the media as well as UNHCR protection monitoring activities, UNHCR estimates there to be 2,800 people of various origins in Tajikistan who may be in need of international protection
o		2022
p		2017
q		2013
r		2011
s		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
t		Excluding private non-profit.
u		Excluding business enterprise.
v		2021