Region | Central Asia | |
Population (000, 2020) | 9 538 | |
Pop. density (per km2, 2020) | 68.1 | |
Capital city | Dushanbe | |
Capital city pop. (000, 2020) | 893.8b | |
UN membership date | 02-Mar-92 | |
Surface area (km2) | 142 600a | |
Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 101.6 | |
National currency | Somoni (TJS) | |
Exchange rate (per US$) | 9.7b |
2010 | 2015 | 2020 | |
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 5 642 | 7 855 | 7 523c |
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 6.5 | 6 | 7.1c |
GDP per capita (current US$) | 749.6 | 929.1 | 826.6c |
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added) | 21.8 | 24.7 | 20.9c |
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added) | 27.9 | 27.5 | 30.1c |
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) | 39.9 | 43.8 | 50.8c |
Employment in agricultured (% of employed) | 52.4 | 48.3 | 44.2 |
Employment in industryd (% of employed) | 15.6 | 15.6 | 16 |
Employment in servicesd (% employed) | 31.9 | 36.1 | 39.9 |
Unemploymentd (% of labour force) | 11.6 | 11.5 | 11 |
Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %) | 29.9 / 56.2 | 31.4 / 52.9 | 31.3 / 52.9 |
CPI: Consumer Price Indexe (2010=100) | 100 | 140 | 179b |
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100) | 124 | 162 | 159f |
International trade: exportsd (million current US$) | 1 206 | 891 | 2 065b |
International trade: importsd (million current US$) | 2 659 | 3 435 | 2 773b |
International trade: balanced (million current US$) | - 1 453 | - 2 544 | -708b |
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | -581 | -477 | -185b |
2010 | 2015 | 2020 | |
Population growth rateg (average annual %) | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
Urban population (% of total population) | 26.5 | 26.7 | 27.3b |
Urban population growth rateg (average annual %) | 2.2 | 2.4 | ... |
Fertility rate, totalg (live births per woman) | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
Life expectancy at birthg (females/males, years) | 70.1 / 65.6 | 71.8 / 67.2 | 73.0 / 68.6 |
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 35.7 / 4.8 | 35.8 / 4.8 | 37.3 / 5.8 |
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 279.8 / 3.7 | 275.1 / 3.3 | 274.1 / 2.9b |
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 7.1h | 11.9 | 11.3b |
Infant mortality rateg (per 1 000 live births) | 39 | 34.1 | 29.3 |
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.7 | 6.9 | 7.2a |
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 1.7 | 2.1i | ... |
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 4 | 5.2 | ... |
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 100.2 / 102.7 | 97.1 / 98.1 | 100.3 / 101.4a |
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 78.9 / 90.4 | 83.8 / 93.0j | ... / ... |
Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 15.8 / 29.9 | 21.3 / 31.6 | 26.9 / 35.5a |
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 2.4 | 1.6k | ... |
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 17.5 | 16.9 | 19l |
2010 | 2015 | 2020 | |
Individuals using the Internetd (per 100 inhabitants) | 11.6 | 19 | 22a |
Research & Development expenditurem,n (% of GDP) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1c |
Threatened species (number) | 40 | 41 | 48 |
Forested aread (% of land area) | 2.9 | 3 | 3a |
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 2.3 / 0.3 | 4.2 / 0.5 | 5.8 / 0.7a |
Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 115 | 131d | 157d,a |
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 19 | 19 | 21a |
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 160 | 414 | 1 035c |
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 15.8 | 16.8 | 16.8b |
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 5.57 | 4.61 | 4.52c |
Footnotes |
a | 2017 | |
b | 2019 | |
c | 2018 | |
d | Estimate. | |
e | Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices. | |
f | 2016 | |
g | Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year. | |
h | Data as at the end of December. | |
i | 2014 | |
j | 2013 | |
k | 2011 | |
l | Data are as at 1 January of reporting year. | |
m | Excluding private non-profit. | |
n | Excluding business enterprise. |