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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	14 401	14 950	16 799^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	3.9	-2.1	3.4^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	1 018.4	898.2	947.9^b
Economy: Agriculture^f (% of Gross Value Added)	29.8	34.4^g	29.7^g,b
Economy: Industry^f (% of Gross Value Added)	43.1	31.3^h	49^h,b
Economy: Services and other activity^f (% of GVA)	27	34.3ⁱ	21.3^i,b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	71.3	69.8	69.2^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	7.9	9.4	9.6^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	20.8	20.9	21.2^b
Unemployment^j (% of labour force)	0.9	1.7	0.9
Labour force participation rate^j (female/male pop. %)	50.5 / 72.8	48.1 / 70.7	48.4 / 72.1
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	117^j,k	123^l	129^l,b
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	97	120	129^b
International trade: exports^j (million current US$)	2 223	1 471	3 847^e
International trade: imports^j (million current US$)	900	1 125	1 399^e
International trade: balance^j (million current US$)	1 323	346	2 448^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	2.9	3.4	4.2^a
Urban population (% of total population)	22.5	23.3^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	3.8^m	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	6.7	6.3	6^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	52.5 / 50.1	54.9 / 51.3	57.2 / 53.4^a
Population age distributionⁿ (0-14/60+ years old, %)	48.5 / 3.4	48.0 / 3.4	46.1 / 3.5^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	467.0 / 3.3^o	547.5 / 3.3^o	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	473.5	820.6	1 289.1^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	128.6	110	98.3^a
Health: Current expenditure^p (% of GDP)	4.5	5.5	5.2^q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	~0.0	0.1	0.1^b
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	2.3	2.7	2.9^q
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	80.4 / 102.4	76.6 / 96.2^d	81.8 / 98.7^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	17.8 / 35.4	17.4 / 29.0^d	20.7 / 31.9^q
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	9.2 / 25.6	10.7 / 24.1^d	14.9 / 27.5^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	14.9	15.4^r	26.4^r

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet^j (per 100 inhabitants)	3.5	8.3	12.2^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	...	0.3^s,t,u	...
Threatened species (number)	38	48	56^e
Forested area (% of land area)	3.9	3.4	3.3^q
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	1.8 / 0.1	1.9 / 0.1^j	2.2 / 0.1^j,q
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	377	369^j	359^j,q
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	7	6	6^q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	120^v	11^w	40^w,q
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	67.3	67.3	67.3^e
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	16.8 / 2.8	17.5 / 2.7	17.6 / 2.7^b
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	26.9 / 4.8	31.1 / 4.3	32.0 / 4.2^b
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	5.71	10.43	6.42^q

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		African Financial Community (CFA) Franc, Bank of Central African States (BEAC).
d		2019
e		2023
f		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
g		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
i		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		N'Djamena
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Including refugees.
p		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
q		2021
r		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
s		Excluding private non-profit.
t		Excluding business enterprise.
u		2016
v		Arrivals by air.
w		Non-resident tourists staying in hotels and similar establishments.