UNData

General Information

Economic indicators

	2005	2010	2019
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	28 397	60 465	15 183^a
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2010 prices)	6.2	3.4	1.9^a
GDP per capita (current US$)	1 552.2	2 876.7	831.1^a
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	20.3	19.7	20.6^a
Economy: Industry^e (% of Gross Value Added)	31.2	30.7	30.1^a
Economy: Services and other activity^e (% of GVA)	48.5	49.6	49.3^a
Employment: Agriculture^f (% of employed)	21.2	15.2	22.8
Employment: Industry^f (% of employed)	26.5	34.3	33.3
Employment: Services^f (% employed)	52.2	50.6	43.9
Unemployment (% of labour force)	9.2^f	8.6	14.9^f
Labour force participation^f (female/male pop. %)	16.2 / 76.2	13.2 / 72.8	11.7 / 69.8
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	...	100	663^g
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	100	89	79^g
Index of industrial production^h (2005=100)	100	98	...
International trade: Exports (million current US$)	6 450	11 353	712^f,d
International trade: Imports (million current US$)	7 898	17 562	1 319^f,d
International trade: Balance (million current US$)	- 1 448	- 6 209	-607^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	299	-367	...

Social indicators

	2005	2010	2019
Population growth rateⁱ (average annual %)	2.2	3	-3.4^j
Urban population (% of total population)	53.8	55.6	54.8
Urban population growth rateⁱ (average annual %)	2.9	3.4	-3.6^j
Fertility rate, totalⁱ (live births per woman)	3.9	3.7	3.1^j
Life expectancy at birthⁱ (females/males, years)	75.9 / 71.4	77.3 / 72.0	76.3 / 64.4^j
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	39.3 / 4.9	37.4 / 5.0	31.1 / 7.3
International migrant stock^k,l (000/% of total pop.)	876.4 / 4.8	1 785.1 / 8.5	1 013.8 / 5.5^a
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	328^m	1 308.1^m	7 187.7^d
Infant mortality rateⁱ (per 1 000 live births)	17.7	15	17.9^j
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	4.1	3.3	3.6ⁿ
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.5	1.5	1.2^g
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	5.4^o	5.1^p	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	118.4 / 121.9	116.5 / 120.8	74.7 / 77.3^q
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	68.1 / 71.2	72.4 / 72.3	49.3 / 49.3^q
Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	17.1 / 19.1	24.0 / 27.8	42.7 / 36.0^g
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	2.4	2.2	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	12	12.4	13.2

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2005	2010	2019
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	5.6^f	20.7	34.3^f,a
Threatened species (number)	29^o	78	139
Forested area (% of land area)	2.5	2.7	2.7^f,g
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	50.6 / 2.8	61.6 / 3.0	30.7 / 1.7^r
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	1 171	1 165	177^g
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	40	43	23^g
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^s (000)	3 571	8 546^t	5 070^t,u
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	1.1	1.1	1.1^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.25	0.21^v	...

a		2017
b		Estimates should be viewed with caution as these are derived from scarce data.
c		UN operational exchange rate.
d		2018
e		Including taxes less subsidies on production and imports.
f		Estimate.
g		2016
h		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 3.
i		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
j		2015
k		Including refugees.
l		Refers to foreign citizens.
m		Data as at the end of December.
n		2012
o		2004
p		2009
q		2013
r		2014
s		Including nationals residing abroad.
t		Including Iraqi nationals.
u		2011
v		2007