UNData app

General Information

Region		Northern Africa
Population (000, 2025)		51 662^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		29.3^a
Capital city		Khartoum
Capital city pop. (000, 2025)		5 677.9^b
UN membership date		12 November 1956
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		98.3^a
National currency		Sudanese Pound (SDG)
Exchange rate (per US$)		578.2^c

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product^d (million current US$)	83 934	34 294	34 021^e
GDP growth rate^d (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	4	-3.6	-12^e
GDP per capita^d (current US$)	2 097.0	733	680^e
Economy: Agriculture^d (% of Gross Value Added)	32	20.4	5.7^e
Economy: Industry^d (% of Gross Value Added)	16.3	21.1	21.7^e
Economy: Services and other activity^d (% of GVA)	51.8	58.4	58.2^e
Employment in agriculture^f (% of employed)	43	40.8	39.8^c
Employment in industry^f (% of employed)	14.2	13.8	14^c
Employment in services^f (% employed)	42.8	45.4	46.2^c
Unemployment (% of labour force)	14.3^f	12^f	7.5^c
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	23.3 / 66.8^f	17.1 / 62.2^f	14.5 / 61.6^c
CPI: Consumer Price Index^f (2010=100)	350	3 539	55 732^c
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	92	118	105^e
International trade: exports^g (million current US$)	5 588	10 677^f	18 531^f,h
International trade: imports^g (million current US$)	8 413	9 456^f	3 926^f,h
International trade: balance^g (million current US$)	- 2 826	1 221^f	14 604^f,h
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 5 461	- 5 841	- 4 443^c

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	3	2.6	3.1^a
Urban population (% of total population)	33.9	34.9^b	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2.8ⁱ	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	4.9	4.5	4.2^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	67.3 / 61.7	68.2 / 62.4	70.0 / 63.6^a
Population age distribution^j (0-14/60+ years old, %)	43.6 / 4.5	41.4 / 5.0	40.2 / 5.4^a
International migrant stock^k,l (000/% of total pop.)	620.5 / 1.6	1 379.1 / 2.9	2 397.1 / 4.8^h
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	2 767.9	2 963.6	11 456.7^h
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	64.8	55.3	52^a
Health: Current expenditure^m,n (% of GDP)	5.8	3^o	4.6^f,o,c
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.4	0.2^p	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	64.5 / 70.8	71.0 / 73.8^b	... / ...
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	48.4 / 52.8	52.8 / 52.2^b	... / ...
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	37.7 / 35.7	39.2 / 35.0^b	... / ...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	24.3	27.7^b	...

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	...	26.4^f	...
Threatened species (number)	123	158	249^h
Forested area (% of land area)	907.8	9.8	9.6^c
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	12.0 / 0.3	19.7 / 0.4	17.4 / 0.4^c
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	408	376^f	349^f,c
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	10	11	10^c
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^q (000)	741	836^r	...
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	9.1	17.8	17.8^h
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	1.92	9.2	1.28^e

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		2022
d		Data compiled in accordance with the System of National Accounts 1968 (1968 SNA).
e		2023
f		Estimate.
g		Data up to 2011 refer to former Sudan (including South Sudan) and data beginning 2012 is attributed to Sudan without South Sudan.
h		2024
i		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
k		Including refugees.
l		The estimates for 1990 to 2005 refer to Sudan and South Sudan.
m		Est. should be viewed with caution as these are derived from scarce data.
n		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
o		Data are based on SHA2011.
p		2017
q		Including nationals residing abroad.
r		2018