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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	1 432	1 379	1 995^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	9.7	-8.5	3.7^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	14 433.8	13 067.8	18 622.9^b
Economy: Agriculture^d,e (% of Gross Value Added)	2.5	2.3	2.6^b
Economy: Industry^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	17	16.7	14^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g (% of GVA)	80.5	81	83.4^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	3.6^h,i,j	...	...
Employment in industry (% of employed)	17.9^h,i,j	...	...
Employment in services (% employed)	78.2^h,i,j	...	...
Unemployment (% of labour force)	4.1^h,i,k,j	...	...
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	61.9 / 68.3^h,i,k,j	... / ...	... / ...
CPI: Consumer Price Index^l (2010=100)	121	132	147^m
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	129	150^b
International trade: exportsⁿ (million current US$)	476	961	619^o,m
International trade: importsⁿ (million current US$)	977	2 045	2 936^o,m
International trade: balanceⁿ (million current US$)	-501	- 1 084	- 2 317^o,m
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-256	-173	-155^m

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	2.4	2.2	1.9^a
Urban population (% of total population)	55.4	57.1^p	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1.3^q	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2.2	2.2	2.1^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	76.0 / 69.1	78.6 / 70.6	76.7 / 70.1^a
Population age distribution^r (0-14/60+ years old, %)	21.4 / 10.2	20.6 / 12.0	20.0 / 13.2^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	12.8 / 13.5	13.0 / 13.3	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	...	~0.0^c	...
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	14.5	14.7	12.4^a
Health: Current expenditure^s (% of GDP)	4.4	6.5	5.3^t
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1^u	2.1^p	3.8^b
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	5	4.8	5.5^t
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.2 / 99.2	97.9 / 96.3	98.0 / 97.3^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	107.9 / 105.0	100.5 / 98.2	99.1 / 94.4^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	58.9 / 50.1	61.4 / 50.8	64.0 / 56.8^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	7.1	8.5	9.3^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	43.8	21.2^v	20.6^v

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet^o (per 100 inhabitants)	54.3	84.8	86.7^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	...	0.2^k,w	...
Threatened species (number)	435	451	468^m
Forested area (% of land area)	73.3	73.3	73.3^t
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	0.5 / 5.2	0.6 / 5.8^o	0.6 / 5.9^o,t
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	0	0	0^t
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	70	79^o	80^o,t
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	276	115	332^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	24.3	52.8	52.8^m
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.52	1.15^x	...

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		2018
d		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
g		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
h		Excluding some areas.
i		Excluding the institutional population.
j		2011
k		Break in the time series.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
m		2023
n		As of 2010, trade in services data reflect improvement of the coverage of balance of payment statistics.
o		Estimate.
p		2019
q		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
r		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
s		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
t		2021
u		2012
v		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
w		2016
x		2017