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General Information

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	237 881	199 314	238 785^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	1.7	1.8	2.2^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	22 449.9	19 223.3	23 350.4^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	2.2	2.4	2.4^b
Economy: Industry^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	22.7	22.3	21.8^b
Economy: Services and other activity^h (% of GVA)	75.1	75.2	75.8^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	11.2	7.5	5.7^i,d
Employment in industry (% of employed)	27.3	24.3	24.6^i,d
Employment in services (% employed)	61.5	68.1	69.8^i,d
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	10.8	12.4	5.9^d
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	55.8 / 66.9	53.8 / 64.2	53.8 / 63.6^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j,k (2010=100)	100	107	111^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	97	108	109^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	49 414	55 045	61 529^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	77 682	66 909	77 594^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 28 268	- 11 864	- 16 065^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 24 407	471	- 2 607^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^l (average annual %)	0.2	-0.4	-0.3^d
Urban population (% of total population)	60.6	63.5	65.8^b
Urban population growth rate^l (average annual %)	1.2	0.5	...
Fertility rate, total^l (live births per woman)	1.4	1.3	1.3^d
Life expectancy at birth^l (females/males, years)	82.5 / 76.0	83.6 / 77.4	84.6 / 78.7^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	15.0 / 24.7	14.1 / 27.0	12.9 / 29.8^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	762.8 / 7.2	864.8 / 8.3	1 002.0 / 9.8^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	0.5^m	1.4	2.8^d
Infant mortality rate^l (per 1 000 live births)	3.3	2.9	3^d
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	9.8	9	9.4ⁿ
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	4	4.7	5.3ⁿ
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	5.4	4.9	5^o
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	109.9 / 113.2	104.9 / 109.0	105.4 / 108.2ⁿ
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	108.3 / 105.3	116.9 / 120.6	120.6 / 121.1ⁿ
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	105.2 / 96.6	117.7 / 120.1	125.3 / 123.8ⁿ
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.2	1	0.8ⁿ
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	27.4	31.3	40^p

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	53.3^q	68.6	75.3^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	1.5	1.2	1.3^r,n
Threatened species (number)	171	256	512
Forested areaⁱ (% of land area)	35.5	36.2	36.2ⁿ
CO2 emission estimates^s (million tons/tons per capita)	47.6 / 4.5	46.9 / 4.5	43.8 / 4.3^b
Energy production, primary^t (Petajoules)	242	222	246ⁿ
Energy supply per capita^t (Gigajoules)	93	89	90ⁿ
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^u (000)	6 756	11 723^v	17 174^v,b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	72.7	75.2	75.4^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	97.7 / 90.2	97.5 / 91.5	96.8 / 92.5^d
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	72.7 / ...	85.3 / ...	92.7 / ...^d
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^w (% of GNI)	0.29	0.16	0.18^o

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		Refers to Grande Lisboa, the Peninsula of Setúbal, and the municipality Azambuja.
d		2020
e		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Excludes publishing activities.
g		Includes irrigation canals.
h		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Excluding rent.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Data as at the end of December.
n		2018
o		2017
p		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
q		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
r		Provisional data.
s		Data includes the Azores and Madeira.
t		Including the Azores and Madeira Islands.
u		Non-resident tourists staying in all types of accommodation establishments.
v		Include hotels, apartment hotels, “pousadas”, tourist apartments, tourist villages, camping sites, recreation centres, tourism in rural areas and local accommodation.
w		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).