| Region | Southern Asia | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 225 200a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 292.1a | |
| Capital city | Islamabad | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 1 095.1b | |
| UN membership date | 30-Sep-47 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 796 095b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 106a | |
| National currency | Pakistan Rupee (PKR) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 159.6c |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 174 508 | 267 035 | 256 996b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 1.6 | 4.7 | 3.3b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 972.6 | 1 339.0 | 1 186.7b |
| Economy: Agricultured (% of Gross Value Added) | 24.3 | 25.1 | 23b |
| Economy: Industrye,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 20.6 | 20.1 | 20.2b |
| Economy: Services and other activityg (% of GVA) | 55.1 | 54.9 | 56.7b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 43.4 | 41 | 35.9h,c |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 21.4 | 24 | 25.8h,c |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 35.2 | 35 | 38.3h,c |
| Unemploymenth (% of labour force) | 0.6 | 3.6 | 4.4c |
| Labour force participation rateh (female/male pop. %) | 21.7 / 79.9 | 23.9 / 80.8 | 22.2 / 81.7c |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 100i | 145 | 200c |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 87 | 99 | 118b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 21 413 | 22 089 | 22 237c |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 37 537 | 43 990 | 45 775c |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 16 124 | - 21 901 | - 23 538c |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 1 354 | - 2 803 | 245c |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratej (average annual %) | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2c |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 35 | 36 | 36.9b |
| Urban population growth ratej (average annual %) | 2.6 | 2.7 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalj (live births per woman) | 4.2 | 3.8 | 3.6c |
| Life expectancy at birthj (females/males, years) | 65.4 / 63.6 | 67.0 / 65.1 | 68.0 / 66.1c |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 37.7 / 6.3 | 35.9 / 6.4 | 34.6 / 6.8a |
| International migrant stockk (000/% of total pop.) | 3 943.7 / 2.2 | 3 506.5 / 1.8 | 3 276.6 / 1.5c |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 4 151.0l | 3 440.0 | 1 535.9c |
| Infant mortality ratej (per 1 000 live births) | 75.6 | 68.1 | 61.3c |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3.2m |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1b |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.9n |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 77.6 / 91.0 | 78.3 / 91.4 | 87.9 / 102.3b |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 28.8 / 37.3 | 34.9 / 44.0 | 40.7 / 46.7b |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 21.8 / 29.0 | 27.4 / 36.2 | 31.9 / 37.5b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 7.4 | 4.8 | 3.9m |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 22.2 | 20.7 | 20.2o |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 8h | 14 | 17.1b |
| Research & Development expenditurep,q (% of GDP) | 0.4r | 0.2 | 0.2n |
| Threatened species (number) | 109 | 129 | 200 |
| Forested areah (% of land area) | 5.3 | 5.1 | 4.9m |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 129.2 / 0.7 | 150.7 / 0.8 | 194.1 / 0.9m |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 2 040 | 2 158 | 2 234m |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 16 | 16 | 21m |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 907 | 966s | ... |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 34.8 | 34.8 | 34.8c |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 45.7 / 32.3 | 42.2 / 32.8 | 40.2 / 33.3c |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 1.6 | 1.31 | 0.68b |
| Footnotes |
| a | Projected estimate (medium fertility variant). | |
| b | 2019 | |
| c | 2020 | |
| d | Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care. | |
| e | Excludes publishing activities. | |
| f | Includes irrigation canals. | |
| g | Excludes repair of personal and household goods. | |
| h | Estimate. | |
| i | Break in the time series. | |
| j | Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year. | |
| k | Including refugees. | |
| l | Data as at the end of December. | |
| m | 2018 | |
| n | 2017 | |
| o | Data are as at 1 January of reporting year. | |
| p | Excluding private non-profit. | |
| q | Excluding business enterprise. | |
| r | 2009 | |
| s | 2012 |