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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	55 517	57 087	83 382^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	6.1	-17.7	7.3^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	14 019.0	13 297.0	18 701.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^f (% of Gross Value Added)	3	3^g	2.5^g,b
Economy: Industry^f (% of Gross Value Added)	27.8	23.9^h	27.9^h,b
Economy: Services and other activity^f (% of GVA)	69.2	73.1ⁱ	69.7^i,b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	14.7	14.1	14.7^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	18.7	18.5	17.5^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	66.6	67.5	67.8^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	4.3	14.7	6.5^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	51.5 / 80.0	55.9 / 77.0	52.6 / 77.4^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index^k (2010=100)	120	120	128^b
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	109	114^b
International trade: exports^l (million current US$)	12 043	8 659^j	1 158^e
International trade: imports^l (million current US$)	22 503	14 717^j	13 987^e
International trade: balance^l (million current US$)	- 10 460	- 6 058^j	- 12 829^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 4 848	123	1 672^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	1.7	1.2	1.2^a
Urban population (% of total population)	66.7	68.1^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2.2^m	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2.5	2.2	2.1^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	80.6 / 74.6	79.8 / 73.1	82.8 / 77.1^a
Population age distributionⁿ (0-14/60+ years old, %)	27.9 / 10.5	26.4 / 12.0	24.5 / 13.9^a
International migrant stock^o (000/% of total pop.)	184.7 / 4.7	313.2 / 7.3	477.7 / 10.6^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	19.3	135.3	104.3^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	17.1	12.8	12.8^a
Health: Current expenditure^j,p (% of GDP)	6.9	10.2	8.5^q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.6	1.6	1.6^q
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	95.1 / 97.3	94.6 / 95.4	95.4 / 95.5^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	93.8 / 92.2	95.2 / 93.3^r	93.7 / 94.8^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	63.9 / 55.9	67.9 / 60.8	69.7 / 64.8^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	11.9	11.6	12.5^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	19.3	22.5^s	21.7^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	51.2^t	70^j	78^j,b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.1	0.2	0.2^u,q
Threatened species (number)	373	400	594^e
Forested area (% of land area)	57.6	56.8	56.5^q
CO2 emission estimates^v (million tons/tons per capita)	10.1 / 2.6	6.5 / 1.5	11.4 / 2.6^q
Energy production, primary^v (Petajoules)	36	42	45^q
Energy supply per capita^v (Gigajoules)	43	29	45^q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	2 110	414	1 488^q
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	53.4	54.1	54.1^e
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	28.6 / ...	46.3 / ...	50.0 / ...^q
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.02	0.27	0.51^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		Refers to the metropolitan area of Panama City.
d		2019
e		2024
f		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
g		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
i		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Urban areas.
l		From 2004 to 2020 merchandise data including Zona Libre de Colon.
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Including refugees.
p		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
q		2022
r		2017
s		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
t		Population aged 10 years and over.
u		Provisional data.
v		Includes the Panama Canal Zone.