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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	775 744	932 561	1 154 361^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.1	-3.9	0.1^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	45 345.0	52 876.0	63 803.0^c
Economy: Agriculture^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	2	2	1.9^c
Economy: Industry^h,i (% of Gross Value Added)	19.4	19.5	20.8^c
Economy: Services and other activity^h,j (% of GVA)	78.6	78.5	77.3^c
Employment in agriculture^k (% of employed)	2.3	2.1	1.9^c
Employment in industry^k (% of employed)	16.4	16	14.1^c
Employment in services^k (% employed)	81.2	82	84^c
Unemployment (% of labour force)	6.9	3.8	3.5^k
Labour force participation rate^k (female/male pop. %)	60.8 / 72.3	61.7 / 71.3	62.7 / 71.9
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	109	117	142^f
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	101	102	98^c
International trade: exports (million current US$)	464 697	551 353	722 294^f
International trade: imports (million current US$)	412 644	484 089	635 409^f
International trade: balance (million current US$)	52 053	67 264	86 886^f
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	38 157	52 392	121 825^f

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate^b (average annual %)	0.5	0.4	0.6^a
Urban population (% of total population)	90.2	91.9^e	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total^b (live births per woman)	1.7	1.5	1.4^a
Life expectancy at birth^b (females/males, years)	83.1 / 79.7	83.1 / 79.7	84.0 / 80.9^a
Population age distribution^b,m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	16.6 / 23.9	15.6 / 25.8	14.9 / 27.7^a
International migrant stock^n,o (000/% of total pop.)	2 024.1 / 11.8	2 425.5 / 13.8	2 956.5 / 16.2^f
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	92.5	108	300.3^p,f
Under five mortality rate^b (per 1000 live births)	3.8	4.3	3.5^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	10.3	11.2	10.1^q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.5	3.8	3.9^q
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	105.6 / 106.5	104.0 / 104.6	103.9 / 104.5^q
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	97.8 / 101.9	131.5 / 138.5	128.0 / 133.3^q
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	138.0 / 129.4	142.0 / 133.0	153.7 / 139.9^q
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	0.6	0.7	0.7^c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	37.3	33.3^r	39.3^r

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	91.7^s	91.3^s	97^c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	2.1	2.3	2.3^t
Threatened species (number)	29	71	106^f
Forested area (% of land area)	10.8	11	11^q
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	137.3 / 8.0	127.1 / 7.2	117.8 / 6.6^q
Energy production, primary^u (Petajoules)	2 015	1 139	995^q
Energy supply per capita^u (Gigajoules)	163	164	147^q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	15 007	7 265	16 063^q
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	75.9	79.3	79.3^f
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	97.5 / 97.5	97.5 / 97.5	97.5 / 97.5^q
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^v (% of GNI)	8.91	1.46	0.81^c

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		For statistical purposes, the data for Netherlands do not include Aruba, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten (Dutch part).
c		2023
d		Amsterdam is the capital and The Hague is the seat of government.
e		2019
f		2024
g		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
i		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
j		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
k		Estimate.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		For statistical purposes, the foreign-born population includes persons born in Aruba, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten (Dutch part).
o		Including refugees.
p		The number of refugees was rebased based on the data on refugee and temporary protection status holders, as provided by the government for end-2023.
q		2022
r		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
s		Population aged 12 years and over.
t		2021
u		Data exclude Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles (former)
v		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).