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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	301 355	337 456	399 649^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	5.1	-5.5	3.7^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	9 649.0	9 958.0	11 377.0^c
Economy: Agriculture^h,i,j (% of Gross Value Added)	8.4	8.3	7.8^c
Economy: Industry^h,j,k (% of Gross Value Added)	38.9	36.3	38.1^c
Economy: Services and other activity^h,l (% of GVA)	52.7	55.4	54.1^c
Employment in agriculture^m (% of employed)	12.5	10.5	9.8^c
Employment in industry^m (% of employed)	27.5	27.7	27.8^c
Employment in services^m (% employed)	60	61.9	62.4^c
Unemployment (% of labour force)	3.1	4.5	3.8^m
Labour force participation rate^m (female/male pop. %)	50.8 / 78.2	51.4 / 78.1	51.6 / 78.3
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	113	120	133^g
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	103	102	100^c
International trade: exports (million current US$)	200 211	234 050	329 454^g
International trade: imports (million current US$)	176 175	190 405	299 514^g
International trade: balance (million current US$)	24 036	43 646	29 940^g
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	9 068	14 138	7 150^g

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate^b (average annual %)	1.7	1.1	1.1^a
Urban population^b (% of total population)	74.2	76.6^f	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2.7^b,n	...	...
Fertility rate, total^b (live births per woman)	2	1.7	1.5^a
Life expectancy at birth^b (females/males, years)	78.0 / 72.9	78.8 / 73.7	79.7 / 74.6^a
Population age distribution^b,o (0-14/60+ years old, %)	25.8 / 9.0	24.0 / 10.3	21.3 / 11.9^a
International migrant stock^p (000/% of total pop.)	3 513.5 / 11.2	3 718.7 / 11.0	3 806.5 / 10.7^g
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	272	188.1	254.7^q,g
Under five mortality rate^b (per 1000 live births)	8.1	8	6^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	3.8^r	4.1	3.9^s
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.5	2.2	2.3^c
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	97.0 / 94.4	95.1 / 91.4	92.7 / 90.4^c
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	87.4 / 80.5	83.3 / 79.5	86.9 / 83.9^c
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	87.3 / 72.2	71.9 / 60.4	78.5 / 69.6^c
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.6	0.7	0.7^c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	10.4	14.4^t	13.5^t

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^u (per 100 inhabitants)	71.1	89.6	97.7^c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	1.3	1	...
Threatened species (number)	1 252	1 662	2 313^g
Forested area (% of land area)	59.2	58.2	57.9^s
CO2 emission estimates^v (million tons/tons per capita)	214.0 / 6.9	226.0 / 6.7	249.9 / 7.2^s
Energy production, primary^v (Petajoules)	3 749	3 760	4 042^s
Energy supply per capita^v (Gigajoules)	110	111	120^s
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^w (000)	25 721	4 333	10 071^s
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	37	37	37^g
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0	-~0.00	~0.00^c

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		Including Sabah and Sarawak.
c		2023
d		Kuala Lumpur is the capital and Putrajaya is the administrative capital.
e		Refers to the Greater Kuala Lumpur.
f		2019
g		2024
h		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
i		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
j		At producers' prices.
k		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
l		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
m		Estimate.
n		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
o		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
p		Including refugees.
q		The total stateless population in Malaysia includes 9,400 non-displaced stateless people who may be entitled to Malaysian nationality under the law. This number of non-displaced stateless people is based on a registration and community legal assistance programme undertaken in West Malaysia by a local NGO with technical support from UNHCR.
r		Provisional data.
s		2022
t		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
u		Population aged 15 years and over.
v		Data comprises of Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak.
w		Including Singapore residents crossing the frontier by road through Johore Causeway.