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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	1 213 294	1 121 065	1 793 799^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.7	-8.4	3.3^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	10 021.0	8 841.0	13 826.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	3.3	4	4.1^b
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	32.8	33.1	34.6^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g,i (% of GVA)	64	62.9	61.3^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	14	13.2	12^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	24	24.1	25^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	62	62.7	63^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	4.3	4.4	2.9^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	43.9 / 78.6	41.7 / 72.5	47.4 / 77.3^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index^k (2010=100)	119	146	184^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	98	113	121^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	380 556	416 982	618 982^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	395 254	382 980	625 874^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 14 698	34 002	- 6 892^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 31 536	26 871	- 5 986^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	1	0.7	0.8^a
Urban population (% of total population)	79.3	80.4^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1.8^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2.1	2	1.9^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	76.9 / 71.9	74.1 / 66.9	78.2 / 72.6^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	28.0 / 9.8	26.0 / 11.1	24.1 / 12.6^a
International migrant stockⁿ (000/% of total pop.)	1 088.7 / 0.9	1 335.2 / 1.1	1 726.1 / 1.3^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	2.2	204.9	798.6^o,e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	16.2	13.8	12.1^a
Health: Current expenditure^p,q (% of GDP)	5.5	6.1	5.7^r
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.3	2.4	2.6^r
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	106.6 / 107.4	104.5 / 104.5	102.1 / 101.9^r
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	135.5 / 123.6	128.4 / 115.6	125.9 / 111.0^r
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	73.4 / 71.4	86.5 / 79.9	83.8 / 73.2^r
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	17.1	29	24.9^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	38	48.2^s	50.2^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^t (per 100 inhabitants)	57.4	71.5	81.2^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.4	0.3^j	0.3^j,u,r
Threatened species (number)	1 109	1 656	2 626^e
Forested area (% of land area)	34.1	33.8	33.7^r
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	454.0 / 3.8	402.8 / 3.2	433.6 / 3.4^r
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	8 031	6 489	6 610^r
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	65	57	59^r
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^v (000)	32 093	24 824	38 326^r
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	37.1	38.7	40.3^e
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	47.4 / ...	60.0 / ...	65.1 / ...^r
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.03	0.07	0.03^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		Refers to the total population in 76 municipalities of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City.
d		2019
e		2024
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
i		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Including refugees.
o		The IDP figure can be found at CONAPO (2021) "Diagnóstico nacional sobre la situación del desplazamiento forzado interno en México". These calculations are based on 2020 Population and Housing Census carried out by INEGI.
p		Data are based on SHA2011.
q		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
r		2022
s		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
t		Population aged 6 years and over.
u		Provisional data.
v		Including nationals residing abroad.