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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	11 620	13 313	19 872^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	1.3	-4.6	7^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	3 904.0	4 046.0	5 790.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	15.3	14.3	11.3^b
Economy: Industry^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	34.3	40.9	44.3^b
Economy: Services and other activity^f,h (% of GVA)	50.3	44.7	44.4^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	28.5	25.2	26.1^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	20.3	20.4	23.4^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	51.3	54.5	50.5^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	4.9	6.6	5.1ⁱ
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	53.4 / 66.2	54.5 / 69.7	52.4 / 67.8ⁱ
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	164^j	100^k	146^k,d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	110	167	145^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	4 669	7 576	16 664^i,d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	3 797	5 299	13 975^i,d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	873	2 278	2 690^i,d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-948	-675	121^b

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	2.2	1.6	1.2^a
Urban population (% of total population)	68.2	68.5^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2.1^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	3	2.9	2.6^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	73.8 / 65.0	75.2 / 65.3	76.9 / 67.8^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	29.5 / 6.0	32.8 / 7.4	31.6 / 9.1^a
International migrant stock^n,o (000/% of total pop.)	19.9 / 0.7	21.3 / 0.6	22.6 / 0.6^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	~0.0	~0.0	~0.0^d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	19.4	15	10.6^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	4.2	4.7	8.9^p
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.2	3.8	4.1^p
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	97.5 / 98.1	93.4 / 91.4	94.1 / 92.1^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	91.7 / 88.0^q	95.6 / 90.8	93.7 / 90.9^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	88.3 / 82.8	104.8 / 93.9	109.2 / 99.8^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	7.2	6.2	5.9^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	14.9	17.3^r	25.4^r

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	22.5	62.5^s	83^i,b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.2^t	0.1^u	0.1^v,p
Threatened species (number)	36	43	44^d
Forested area (% of land area)	9.1	9.1	9.1^p
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	24.0 / 8.1	43.7 / 13.3	41.5 / 12.2^p
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	655	1 172	947^p
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	92	148	138^p
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	386	59	286^p
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	40.7	45.2	45.2^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	44.6 / 7.9	49.3 / 11.2	51.3 / 12.7^p
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	66.1 / 44.5	70.2 / 54.1	70.3 / 56.3^p
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	2.22	5.84	1.44^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		2024
e		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Base 2020 = 100
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Refers to foreign citizens.
o		Including refugees.
p		2022
q		2010
r		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
s		Population aged 15 years and over.
t		Partial data.
u		Break in the time series.
v		Provisional data.