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General Information

Region		Southern Europe
Population (000, 2025)		633^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		45.8^a
Capital city		Podgorica
Capital city pop. (000, 2025)		177.2^c,d
UN membership date		28 June 2006
Surface area (km2)		13 812^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		92.9^a
National currency		Euro (EUR)
Exchange rate (per US$)		1^e

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	4 055	4 781	7 530^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	3.4	-15.3	6.3^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	6 455.0	7 864.0	11 885.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	9.7	9.1	6.8^b
Economy: Industry^f,h (% of Gross Value Added)	17.4	20.9	15.6^b
Economy: Services and other activity^f,i (% of GVA)	72.9	70	77.6^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	7.7	7.5	6^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	17.5	18.4	16.1^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	74.8	74.1	77.8^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	17.6	17.9	13.8^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	46.1 / 59.3	43.3 / 58.2	41.0 / 55.1^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	111	116^k	151^k,e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	98	103	98^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	353	410^j	661^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	2 050	2 394^j	4 399^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 1 697	- 1 984^j	- 3 738^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-443	- 1 237	- 1 389^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	-0.6	-0.6	-1.5^a
Urban population (% of total population)	65.8	67.2^l	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.6^m	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.8	1.8	1.8^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	79.2 / 73.8	79.1 / 72.6	80.6 / 74.1^a
Population age distributionⁿ (0-14/60+ years old, %)	18.6 / 20.6	18.4 / 23.1	17.9 / 24.7^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	71.7 / 11.4	71.0 / 11.7	92.2 / 14.4^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	19.8	12.8	24.2^o,e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	3.9	4.2	3.2^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	9	11.4	10.9^p
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.4	2.8	2.8^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.9 / 101.5	103.5 / 104.1	106.5 / 105.8^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	96.3 / 95.7	98.1 / 98.0	102.2 / 102.5^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	87.9 / 87.9	87.9 / 86.2	87.8 / 82.6^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	2.7	3	0.8^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	17.3	29.6^q	27.2^q

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	68.1	77.6^r	89.8^j,b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.4	0.4^l	...
Threatened species (number)	85	113	185^e
Forested area (% of land area)	61.5	61.5	61.5^p
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	2.3 / 3.7	2.5 / 4.1	2.6 / 4.2^p
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	30	31	32^p
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	67	72	72^p
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	1 560	351	2 036^p
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	54.4	59.9	59.9^e
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	87.2 / ...	87.3 / ...	87.3 / ...^p
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	46.3 / 39.2	59.1 / 41.7	64.1 / 43.1^p
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	2.41	4.25	1.24^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		Refers to the urban population of Podgorica municipality.
d		2018
e		2024
f		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
g		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
i		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		2019
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Estimates of the number of Ukrainians in a refugee-like situation in Montenegro were revised. In November 2017, jointly with the Ministry of the Interior of Montenegro (MoI) and the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, UNHCR carried out a field verification of all ex-Yugoslav refugees with unresolved legal status and persons at risk of statelessness, known to UNHCR at that time. Based on the result of the field exercise and recent years assessment and verification, there were a total number of 420 persons at risk of statelessness at the end of June 2024.
p		2022
q		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
r		Population aged 16 to 74 years.