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General Information

Region		Southern Europe
Population (000, 2021)		628^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		46.7^a
Capital city		Podgorica
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		177.2^c,d
UN membership date		28-Jun-06
Surface area (km2)		13 812^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		97.8^a
National currency		Euro (EUR)
Exchange rate (per US$)		0.8^e

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	4 139	4 053	5 542^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.7	3.4	4.1^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	6 630.0	6 464.7	8 825.3^b
Economy: Agriculture^f (% of Gross Value Added)	9.2	9.8	7.9^b
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	20.5	17.4	19.9^b
Economy: Services and other activityⁱ (% of GVA)	70.3	72.9	72.3^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	6.2^j	7.7	7.8^j,e
Employment in industry (% of employed)	18.7^j	17.5	19.2^j,e
Employment in services (% employed)	75.1^j	74.8	73^j,e
Unemployment^j (% of labour force)	19.6	17.5	14.8^e
Labour force participation rate^j (female/male pop. %)	41.4 / 55.8	46.6 / 59.4	46.6 / 62.7^e
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100	111	116^k,e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	93	98	102^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	437	353	410^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	2 182	2 050	2 394^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 1 745	- 1 697	- 1 984^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-852	-443	- 1 235^e

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^m (average annual %)	0.3	0.1	~0.0^e
Urban population (% of total population)	64.1	65.8	67.2^b
Urban population growth rate^m (average annual %)	0.8	0.6	...
Fertility rate, total^m (live births per woman)	1.8	1.7	1.8^e
Life expectancy at birth^m (females/males, years)	76.5 / 71.9	78.5 / 73.6	79.1 / 74.2^e
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	19.2 / 17.9	18.5 / 20.3	18.0 / 22.5^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	78.5 / 12.6	71.7 / 11.4	71.0 / 11.3^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	18.3ⁿ	19.8	12.8^e
Infant mortality rate^m (per 1 000 live births)	10.9	4.3	2.8^e
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	...	...	8.4^d
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2	2.4	2.8^d
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	110.6 / 110.3	95.5 / 95.3	100.6 / 100.6^b
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	101.9 / 99.0	93.5 / 92.0	91.0 / 89.3^b
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	90.9 / 85.8	88.3 / 87.2	89.9 / 88.0^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	2.4	2.7	2.2^d
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	11.1	17.3	24.7^o

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	37.5^j	68.1	73.5^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	1.1^p	0.4	0.4^d
Threatened species (number)	72	85	119
Forested area (% of land area)	5.8	61.5^j	61.5^j,d
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	2.6 / 4.2	2.4 / 3.8	2.5 / 4.0^d
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	35	30	31^d
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	77	67	72^d
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	1 088	1 560	2 077^d
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	17.7	17.7	25.9^e
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	87.0 / ...	87.2 / ...	87.3 / ...^e
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	32.9 / 35.6	42.2 / 37.9	48.6 / 38.9^e
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	1.95	2.41	1.74^b

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		Refers to the urban population of Podgorica municipality.
d		2018
e		2020
f		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Includes irrigation canals.
h		Excludes publishing activities.
i		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		Areas not elsewhere specified.
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Data as at the end of December.
o		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
p		2007