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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	7 798	11 531	16 542^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	-0.7	-8.3	1^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	2 372.0	3 757.0	5 393.0^c
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	14.7	10.8	10.9^c
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	24.2	26.7	24.3^c
Economy: Services and other activity^g,i (% of GVA)	61.1	62.5	64.8^c
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	59.6	57.6	51.1^c
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	10.5	11.5	13.3^c
Employment in services^j (% employed)	29.9	30.9	35.5^c
Unemployment (% of labour force)	1.7	1.2	1.3^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	69.4 / 71.2	68.1 / 71.6	70.3 / 71.9^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index^k,l (2010=100)	136	173	277^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	91	76	107^c
International trade: exports (million current US$)	1 967	2 467^j	3 555^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	3 987	5 416	9 065^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 2 020	- 2 949^j	- 5 510^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-463	-887	- 2 917^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate^b (average annual %)	-1.6	-1.4	-1.4^a
Urban population^b (% of total population)	42.5	42.7^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	-0.2^b,m	...	...
Fertility rate, total^b (live births per woman)	1.9	1.8	1.7^a
Life expectancy at birth^b (females/males, years)	74.5 / 65.6	74.2 / 65.5	75.8 / 66.8^a
Population age distribution^b,n (0-14/60+ years old, %)	18.2 / 18.1	20.0 / 21.4	19.5 / 23.3^a
International migrant stock^o (000/% of total pop.)	101.7 / 3.1	77.3 / 2.5	188.2 / 6.2^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	6.8	3.9	126.6^p,e
Under five mortality rate^b (per 1000 live births)	15.7	14.5	11.5^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	8.6	7	7^q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.2	4	4^c
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	105.2 / 106.3^j	105.5 / 107.5^j	106.4 / 107.5^q
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	105.9 / 105.8^j	104.1 / 106.2^j	104.0 / 105.0^q
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	105.6 / 101.2^j	80.6 / 78.4^j	85.0 / 84.1^q
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	5.7	3	2.5^c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	20.8	24.8^r	40^r

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	69	58.2^j	80.2^j,c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.3	0.2	0.2^q
Threatened species (number)	29	33	37^e
Forested area (% of land area)	11.8	11.8	11.8^q
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	4.5 / 1.4	4.8 / 1.6	4.9 / 1.6^q
Energy production, primary^s (Petajoules)	28	29^j	22^q
Energy supply per capita^s (Gigajoules)	33	37	37^q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^l,t (000)	94	29	162^q
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	71.5	78.4	78.4^e
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	79.8 / ...	83.3 / ...	84.6 / ...^q
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	3.79	4.41	6.28^c

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		Including the Transnistria region.
c		2023
d		2019
e		2024
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
i		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Data refer to 8 cities only.
l		Excluding the left side of the river Nistru and the municipality of Bender.
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Including refugees.
p		The figure of stateless persons includes persons determined to be stateless following the statelessness determination procedure and persons with undetermined nationality who hold expired Soviet passports.
q		2022
r		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
s		Data exclude Transnistria and the municipality of Bender.
t		Non-resident tourists staying in all types of accommodation establishments.