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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	85 141	84 441	84 364^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	4.2	-4.6	-2.3^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	3 918.0	3 743.0	3 673.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	8.9	8.7	8.8^b
Economy: Industry^e,g (% of Gross Value Added)	32.1	29.9	27.3^b
Economy: Services and other activity^e,h (% of GVA)	58.9	61.3	63.9^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	28.7	27.1	26.3^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	25.8	26.9	26.4^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	45.6	46	47.3^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	4.5	5.4	4.9ⁱ
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	35.3 / 73.7	31.7 / 71.1	31.5 / 69.6ⁱ
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	110^j	138^j	207^k,l
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	104	108	100^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	10 440	10 707	12 110^l
International trade: imports (million current US$)	18 967	15 607	18 392^l
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 8 528	- 4 900	- 6 282^l
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 1 883	- 1 187	1 559^b

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	0.8	0.7	0.5^a
Urban population (% of total population)	18.3	18.6^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.5^m	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2.1	2	1.9^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	79.4 / 72.6	80.1 / 73.7	80.9 / 74.7^a
Population age distributionⁿ (0-14/60+ years old, %)	24.7 / 13.6	23.3 / 15.6	21.7 / 17.5^a
International migrant stock^o (000/% of total pop.)	39.7 / 0.2	40.3 / 0.2	40.7 / 0.2^l
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	51.8	26.6	5.4^l
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	8.8	7	6^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	3.7	4.1ⁱ	4.4^i,p
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.8	1.2	1.1^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	96.9 / 98.0	95.7 / 94.8	92.1 / 90.8^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	95.7 / 94.9	96.9 / 95.5	94.3 / 92.4^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	98.8 / 88.4	102.9 / 90.5^q	86.7 / 78.7^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	2.2	3.3^d	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	5.8	5.3^r	9.8^r

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^s (per 100 inhabitants)	15.3^i,t	36.2	51.2^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.1	0.1	...
Threatened species (number)	580	641	913^l
Forested area (% of land area)	34.4	34.2	34.1^p
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	19.3 / 0.9	20.5 / 0.9	18.3 / 0.8^p
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	159	153	165^i,p
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	19	18	18^p
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^u (000)	1 798	508	720^p
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	43.7	43.7	43.7^l
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	90.3 / 37.7	87.5 / 38.4	83.0 / 38.7^p
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.54	0.27	1.01^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		Colombo is the capital and Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte is the legislative capital.
d		2019
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Index base: 2013=100.
k		Base 2021 = 100.
l		2024
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Including refugees.
p		2022
q		2018
r		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
s		Population aged 5 to 69 years.
t		Users in the last 12 months.
u		Excluding nationals residing abroad.