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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	49 929	39 009	39 303^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.5	-25.9	0^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	7 802.8	6 888.5	7 159.4^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	3.5	8.3	4.5^b
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	16.9	16.4	13.6^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g,i (% of GVA)	79.5	75.4	81.9^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	3.9	3.7	3.5^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	22.1	20.5	20.4^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	73.9	75.8	76^b
Unemployment^j (% of labour force)	9.2	13.3	11.5
Labour force participation rate^j (female/male pop. %)	26.1 / 68.7	26.4 / 64.0	27.5 / 65.3
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j (2010=100)	115	240	5 337^k
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	99	100	104^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	2 953	3 807	2 170^j,k
International trade: imports (million current US$)	18 600	11 355	11 487^j,k
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 15 646	- 7 547	- 9 317^j,k
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 8 542	- 2 779	- 5 643^k

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	-2.2	0.2	0.7^a
Urban population (% of total population)	88.1	88.8^e	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	6.2^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2.4	2.3	2.2^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	80.1 / 76.2	78.7 / 73.9	79.9 / 75.9^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	25.8 / 10.6	27.9 / 13.3	26.2 / 14.7^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	1 916.3 / 29.3ⁿ	1 712.8 / 25.1ⁿ	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	1 189.1	908.8	834.6^k
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	13.1	20.3	18.1^a
Health: Current expenditure^c,o (% of GDP)	7.4^p	7.6^j	10.1^j,q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.1	2.6^e	...
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	2.4^r	...	...
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	3.6	2.3	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	3.1	4.7^s	6.2^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet^j (per 100 inhabitants)	74	87.9	90.1^b
Threatened species (number)	69	109	191^k
Forested area (% of land area)	13.7	14	14.1^q
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	23.9 / 3.7	23.5 / 4.1^j	18.9 / 3.4^j,q
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	8	10	10^q
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	53	59^j	48^j,q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^t (000)	1 518	414	1 466^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	4.4	4.7	4.7^k
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	1.95	5.74	7.99^q

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		Estimates should be viewed with caution as these are derived from scarce data.
d		Excluding Syrian refugees.
e		2019
f		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
i		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		2023
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Including refugees.
o		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
p		Data are based on SHA2011.
q		2021
r		2013
s		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
t		Excluding the Lebanon, Syria and Palestine nationalities.