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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	114 585	111 045	163 705^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.6	-4.8	-3.6^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	29 883.0	25 237.0	33 832.0^b
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)	0.5	0.4	0.4^b
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	48.7	41.8	54^b
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)	50.9	57.8	45.6^b
Employment in agriculture^f (% of employed)	2.2	2	1.9^b
Employment in industry^f (% of employed)	25	24.9	24.9^b
Employment in services^f (% employed)	72.8	73	73.1^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	2.2	3.6^f	2.1^f
Labour force participation rate^f (female/male pop. %)	49.6 / 87.2	46.1 / 82.1	48.5 / 88.2
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	118^f	129^f	148^g,e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	95	106	118^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	54 121	40 166^f	76 292^f,e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	30 957	28 344	38 329^f,e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	23 164	11 822^f	37 962^f,e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	8 584	22 030	46 703^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	4.7	-2.9	1.6^a
Urban population (% of total population)	100	100^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	5.4ⁱ	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2	2.1	1.5^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	80.7 / 78.1	79.9 / 77.3	82.1 / 79.6^a
Population age distribution^j (0-14/60+ years old, %)	21.8 / 4.6	20.6 / 7.5	18.0 / 6.0^a
International migrant stock^k (000/% of total pop.)	2 610.8 / 68.1	3 030.7 / 68.9	3 323.2 / 67.3^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	94.6	93.8	93.5^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	9.4	8.7	7.4^a
Health: Current expenditure^f,l,m (% of GDP)	4.2	6.2	4.3ⁿ
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.6	2.3	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	105.6 / 99.6	... / ...	... / ...
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	103.9 / 101.1^o	... / ...	... / ...
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	103.8 / 84.4^o	... / ...	... / ...
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.8^o	0.2	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	1.5	6.4^p	3.1^p,e

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	82^f	99.1^q	99.7^q,b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.1^r,s,t,u	0.2^v	0.1^v,n
Threatened species (number)	42	57	97^e
Forested area (% of land area)	0.4^f	0.4^f	0.4ⁿ
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	81.0 / 21.1	79.4 / 18.0	93.2 / 20.3ⁿ
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	7 014	6 353	6 910ⁿ
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	368	342	386ⁿ
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^w (000)	182	86	85^x
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	43	51.2	57.6^e
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	100.0 / ...	100.0 / ...	100.0 / ...ⁿ
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	100.0 / ...	100.0 / ...	100.0 / ...ⁿ
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI)	...	...	0.01^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		Data refers to the Governorates of Capital, Hawalli, Al-Farwaniya and Mubarak Al-Kabeer.
d		2019
e		2024
f		Estimate.
g		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
h		Areas not elsewhere specified.
i		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
k		Refers to foreign citizens.
l		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 April.
m		Est. should be viewed with caution as these are derived from scarce data.
n		2022
o		2012
p		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
q		Population aged 5 to 74 years.
r		Partial data.
s		Excluding private non-profit.
t		Excluding business enterprise.
u		Break in the time series.
v		Government only.
w		Non-resident tourists staying in hotels and similar establishments.
x		2021