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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product^f (million current US$)	1 539 212	1 744 070	1 839 058^b
GDP growth rate^f (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.9	-0.7	1.4^b
GDP per capita^f (current US$)	30 190.0	33 631.0	35 538.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	21.6	22.4	22^b
Economy: Industry^g (% of Gross Value Added)	46.2	43.8	47^b
Economy: Services and other activity^f,g,h (% of GVA)	32.2	33.8	30.9^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	5.2	5.4	5.3^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	25.4	24.6	24^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	69.4	70	70.7^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	3.5	3.9	2.6ⁱ
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	52.4 / 72.8	53.1 / 71.5	55.9 / 72.3ⁱ
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j (2010=100)	110	116	132^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	99	101^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	526 753	512 419	683 127^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	436 487	467 591	631 727^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	90 266	44 829	51 400^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	105 119	75 902	99 043^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	0.8	0.1	-0.1^a
Urban population (% of total population)	81.6	81.4^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.3^k	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.2	0.8	0.7^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	85.8 / 79.0	86.8 / 80.3	87.4 / 81.4^a
Population age distribution^l (0-14/60+ years old, %)	13.8 / 18.3	12.1 / 23.2	10.2 / 28.4^a
International migrant stock^m (000/% of total pop.)	1 312.2 / 2.6	1 723.4 / 3.3	1 811.5 / 3.5^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	6.6	28.9	36.1^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	3.5	3	2.5^a
Health: Current expenditureⁿ (% of GDP)	6.7	8.4	9.9^b
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.2	2.5	2.6^o
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	99.9 / 100.2	99.1 / 99.3	98.9 / 99.1^o
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.9 / 101.6	97.1 / 97.5	99.4 / 99.5^o
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	96.2 / 96.4	96.1 / 97.6	95.6 / 96.6^o
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	0.7	0.6	0.5^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	16.3	17.3^p	20.3^p

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^q (per 100 inhabitants)	89.9	96.5	97.4^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	4	4.8	4.9^r
Threatened species (number)	76	136	216^e
Forested area (% of land area)	65	64.4	64.2^o
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	584.6 / 11.5	563.5 / 10.9	548.7 / 10.6^o
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	2 123	2 169	2 381^o
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	225	222	227^o
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^s (000)	13 232	2 519	3 198^o
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	38.6	40	40.7^e
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^t (% of GNI)	0.89	0.74	0.66^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		Refers to Seoul Special City.
d		2019
e		2024
f		Data compiled in accordance with the System of National Accounts 1968 (1968 SNA).
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
m		Including refugees.
n		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
o		2022
p		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
q		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
r		2021
s		Including nationals residing abroad and crew members.
t		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).