UNData app

General Information

Region		Caribbean
Population (000, 2025)		2 837^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		262^a
Capital city		Kingston
Capital city pop. (000, 2025)		589.8^c
UN membership date		18 September 1962
Surface area (km2)		10 990^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		97.8^a
National currency		Jamaican Dollar (JMD)
Exchange rate (per US$)		155.6^d

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	14 189	13 812	19 423^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.9	-9.9	2.2^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	5 063.0	4 879.0	6 840.0^b
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)	7.2	9.8	10.3^b
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	22	23	21.2^b
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)	70.7	67.3	68.5^b
Employment in agriculture^e (% of employed)	17.7	15.9	14.6^b
Employment in industry^e (% of employed)	14.9	15.8	17.6^b
Employment in services^e (% employed)	67.3	68.3	67.8^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	8.8^e	6.5	4.9^e
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	58.5 / 72.7	57.6 / 72.3	61.4 / 75.1^e
CPI: Consumer Price Index^f (2010=100)	141	171	224^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	98	101	110^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	1 263	1 251	1 930^e,d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	4 993	4 765	7 335^e,d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 3 730	- 3 515	- 5 405^e,d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-430	-157	679^d

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	0.3	0.4	-0.1^a
Urban population (% of total population)	54.8	56^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.8^g	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.5	1.4	1.3^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	74.3 / 70.1	74.0 / 68.9	74.3 / 69.2^a
Population age distribution^h (0-14/60+ years old, %)	23.4 / 9.5	20.6 / 11.3	18.3 / 13.4^a
International migrant stockⁱ (000/% of total pop.)	23.2 / 0.8	23.6 / 0.8	24.0 / 0.8^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	~0.0	0.1	0.1^b
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	18.7	19.2	18.4^a
Health: Current expenditure^e,j (% of GDP)	5.6	6.6	7.8^k
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.4	0.5^l	0.5^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	95.8 / 90.9	90.5 / 91.4	87.8 / 87.7^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	91.9 / 86.5	88.2 / 88.7	87.8 / 88.4^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	82.1 / 78.1	76.8 / 74.9	82.5 / 80.9^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	43.1	47.1	49.3^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	12.7	17.5^m	28.6^m

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	42.2	76.4^e	83.4^e,b
Threatened species (number)	298	323	363^d
Forested area (% of land area)	53.3	55.1	55.8^k
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	7.6 / 2.7	6.6 / 2.3	7.6 / 2.7^k
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	10	12^e	11^k
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	42	39	43^k
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^n,o (000)	2 123	880	2 478^k
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	19.2	19.7	20.1^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.43	0.51	0.46^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		2024
e		Estimate.
f		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
g		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
h		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
i		Including refugees.
j		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 April.
k		2022
l		2018
m		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
n		Arrivals of non-resident tourists by air.
o		Including nationals residing abroad; E/D cards.