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General Information

Region		Northern Europe
Population (000, 2021)		343^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		3.4^a
Capital city		Reykjavik
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		216.4^c
UN membership date		19-Nov-46
Surface area (km2)		103 000^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		101^a
National currency		Iceland Krona (ISK)
Exchange rate (per US$)		127.2^d

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	13 684	17 389	24 188^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	-3.4	4.7	1.9^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	42 717.7	52 655.5	71 344.6^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	7	5.9	4.7^b
Economy: Industry^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	24.3	22.5	21.9^b
Economy: Services and other activity^h (% of GVA)	68.7	71.6	73.4^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	5.6	4.2	3.8^i,d
Employment in industry (% of employed)	18.4	17.8	16.1^i,d
Employment in services (% employed)	76	77.9	80.1^i,d
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	7.6	4	3.2^d
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	70.6 / 79.1	73.1 / 81.0	70.6 / 78.9^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100	118	133^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	89	100	107^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	4 603	4 722	4 560^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	3 914	5 285	5 671^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	689	-563	- 1 111^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-845	986	244^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^j (average annual %)	1.6	0.6	0.7^d
Urban population (% of total population)	93.6	93.7	93.9^b
Urban population growth rate^j (average annual %)	1.8	0.6	...
Fertility rate, total^j (live births per woman)	2.1	2	1.8^d
Life expectancy at birth^j (females/males, years)	83.2 / 79.6	83.8 / 80.6	84.3 / 81.2^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	20.8 / 16.9	20.3 / 19.1	19.2 / 22.1^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	35.1 / 11.0	39.1 / 11.8	65.4 / 19.2^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	0.2^k	0.4	1.3^d
Infant mortality rate^j (per 1 000 live births)	2	1.6	1.3^d
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	8.5	8.1	8.5^c
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.6	3.8	4.1^b
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	7	7.5	7.7^l
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	99.6 / 99.0	98.6 / 98.7	100.3 / 100.6^c
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	108.2 / 106.5	119.6 / 118.6	117.3 / 118.6^c
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	118.1 / 114.2	132.9 / 131.7	130.0 / 132.2^c
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	0.6	0.9	0.9^c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	42.9	41.3	39.7^m

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	93.4^n,o	98.2ⁱ	99^c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	2.6^p	2.2	2^c
Threatened species (number)	17	21	38
Forested area (% of land area)	0.4	0.5ⁱ	0.5^c
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	1.9 / 6.1	2.1 / 6.2	1.9 / 5.2^b
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	252	285	336^c
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	869	949	1 087^c
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	489	1 289	2 013^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	16.7	19.1	19.1^d
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^q (% of GNI)	0.26	0.24	0.28^l

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		2018
d		2020
e		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Includes irrigation canals.
g		Excludes publishing activities.
h		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
k		Data as at the end of December.
l		2017
m		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
n		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
o		Users in the last 3 months.
p		2009
q		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).