| Region | Western Asia | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 41 179a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 94.8a | |
| Capital city | Baghdad | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 6 974.4b | |
| UN membership date | 21-Dec-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 435 052b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 102.5a | |
| National currency | Iraqi Dinar (IQD) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 1 450.0c |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 138 517 | 166 774 | 225 232b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 6.4 | 4.7 | 4.4b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 4 657.3 | 4 688.3 | 5 729.7b |
| Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added) | 5.1 | 4.2 | 3.3b |
| Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added) | 55.4 | 45 | 51.9b |
| Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) | 39.4 | 50.9 | 44.8b |
| Employment in agricultured (% of employed) | 21.9 | 19.4 | 17.8c |
| Employment in industryd (% of employed) | 21.7 | 22.8 | 22.4c |
| Employment in servicesd (% employed) | 56.4 | 57.9 | 59.9c |
| Unemploymentd (% of labour force) | 8.4 | 10.7 | 12.8c |
| Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %) | 12.0 / 72.3 | 14.1 / 73.8 | 11.8 / 74.3c |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 100 | 119 | 120b |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 120 | 81 | 120b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 52 483 | 49 403 | 2 582d,c |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 43 915 | 32 667 | 27 611d,c |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | 8 568 | 16 736 | - 25 029d,c |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | 6 488 | - 2 762 | - 6 197c |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratef (average annual %) | 2 | 3.6 | 2.5c |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 69.1 | 69.9 | 70.7b |
| Urban population growth ratef (average annual %) | 2.7 | 3.4 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalf (live births per woman) | 4.4 | 4.2 | 3.7c |
| Life expectancy at birthf (females/males, years) | 71.3 / 64.9 | 71.6 / 67.2 | 72.4 / 68.3c |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 41.8 / 4.8 | 39.3 / 5.1 | 37.3 / 5.1a |
| International migrant stockg,h (000/% of total pop.) | 120.5 / 0.4 | 359.4 / 1.0 | 365.8 / 0.9c |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 1 796.3i | 4 311.7 | 1 836.7c |
| Infant mortality ratef (per 1 000 live births) | 31.7 | 28.5 | 24.1c |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.2 | 3.1 | 4.1j |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 0.7 | 1k | 0.7j |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 99.1 / 117.8l | ... / ... | ... / ... |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 46.0 / 61.4l | ... / ... | ... / ... |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 35.3 / 44.8l | ... / ... | ... / ... |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 9 | 10.1m | ... |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 25.5 | 26.5 | 26.4n |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 2.5 | 58d,o,p | 75j |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | ~0.0q,r,s | ~0.0 | ~0.0j |
| Threatened species (number) | 60 | 69 | 88 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 1.9d | 1.9 | 1.9d,j |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 103.6 / 3.5 | 130.8 / 3.7 | 153.3 / 4.0j |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 5 274 | 7 565d | 9 994j |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 48 | 56 | 70j |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 1 518 | 892m | ... |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 2.8 | 5.5 | 5.6c |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 62.7 / 37.8 | 63.7 / 42.8 | 64.6 / 47.6c |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 36.7 / 41.0 | 40.1 / 43.3 | 42.3 / 44.4c |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 1.55 | 0.84 | 0.9b |
| Footnotes |
| a | Projected estimate (medium fertility variant). | |
| b | 2019 | |
| c | 2020 | |
| d | Estimate. | |
| e | Areas not elsewhere specified. | |
| f | Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year. | |
| g | Including refugees. | |
| h | Refers to foreign citizens. | |
| i | Data as at the end of December. | |
| j | 2018 | |
| k | 2014 | |
| l | 2007 | |
| m | 2013 | |
| n | Data are as at 1 January of reporting year. | |
| o | Last week. | |
| p | Population aged 15 years and over. | |
| q | Based on R&D budget instead of R&D expenditure. | |
| r | Excluding business enterprise. | |
| s | Excluding private non-profit. |