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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	302 391	436 556	551 395^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	24.6	7.2	-5.5^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	64 305.0	87 616.0	106 106.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	0.9	1	0.9^b
Economy: Industry^e,g (% of Gross Value Added)	41.1	39.7	35^b
Economy: Services and other activity^e,h (% of GVA)	58	59.3	64.1^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	5.3	4.5	4^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	18.1	18.8	18.4^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	76.6	76.7	77.6^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	9.9	5.6	4.4ⁱ
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	54.8 / 69.0	55.1 / 67.3	60.2 / 70.4ⁱ
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j (2010=100)	105	106	127^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	101	116	115^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	124 717	185 185	242 219^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	77 787	99 442	144 552^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	46 931	85 744	97 667^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	18 646	- 29 305	44 744^b

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	1	0.8	1^a
Urban population (% of total population)	62.5	63.4^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.6^k	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.9	1.7	1.6^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	83.4 / 79.6	84.2 / 80.6	84.7 / 80.8^a
Population age distribution^l (0-14/60+ years old, %)	21.3 / 18.0	20.1 / 19.8	18.1 / 21.8^a
International migrant stock^m (000/% of total pop.)	802.5 / 17.1	951.7 / 19.1	1 216.2 / 23.1^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	10.5ⁿ	15.8	149.4^d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	4	3.2	3.1^a
Health: Current expenditure^o,p (% of GDP)	7.3	7.1	6.1^q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.1	3.5	3.9^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	101.0 / 101.4	101.2 / 101.5	100.5 / 98.7^q
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	103.8 / 103.4	111.1 / 107.7	110.2 / 107.1^q
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	141.5 / 133.7	187.8 / 161.1	186.8 / 159.5^q
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	0.6	0.6	0.7^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	16.3	20.9^r	25.3^r

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	83.5^s	92^s	96.5^i,b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	1.2ⁱ	1.2^i,t	1.1^u,v
Threatened species (number)	39	79	110^d
Forested area (% of land area)	11	11.4	11.5^q
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	35.8 / 7.6	32.3 / 6.5	33.0 / 6.5^q
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	81	146	127^q
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	118	112	111^q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^w (000)	9 528	10 951^c	...
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	75.1	82.1	83.4^d
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	81.8 / 70.7	84.6 / 70.8	84.8 / 70.7^q
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^x (% of GNI)	0.54	0.35	0.71^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		2024
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
m		Including refugees.
n		Data as at the end of December.
o		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
p		Data are based on SHA2011.
q		2022
r		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
s		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
t		Provisional data.
u		Break in the time series.
v		2021
w		Including tourists from Northern Ireland.
x		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).