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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	62 186	77 719	104 451^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	4.1	-1.8	3.5^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	3 894.0	4 478.0	5 763.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	10.6	10.5	10.5^b
Economy: Industry^e,g (% of Gross Value Added)	24.1	23.7	23.9^b
Economy: Services and other activity^e,h (% of GVA)	65.3	65.8	65.7^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	31.9	30.4	26.7^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	18.9	20.3	21.9^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	49.2	49.2	51.4^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	2.5	3ⁱ	2.2ⁱ
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	38.4 / 83.6	36.4 / 78.2ⁱ	40.3 / 80.6ⁱ
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	122	148	100^j,d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	101	104	109^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	10 677	11 658	14 760^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	17 637	18 198	32 465^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 6 960	- 6 539	- 17 704^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-774	3 918	3 333^d

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	1.8	1.5	1.5^a
Urban population (% of total population)	50	51.4^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2.7^k	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	3	2.5	2.3^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	73.6 / 68.3	73.2 / 67.0	75.2 / 70.6^a
Population age distribution^l (0-14/60+ years old, %)	36.4 / 6.3	33.8 / 6.8	31.0 / 7.3^a
International migrant stock^m (000/% of total pop.)	74.9 / 0.5	84.3 / 0.5	92.7 / 0.5^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	0.3	28.8	79^d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	28.6	23.7	20.7^a
Health: Current expenditureⁿ (% of GDP)	6	6.5	7.4^o
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	...	1.3	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	101.1 / 106.3	99.6 / 103.3	101.0 / 103.0^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	68.0 / 76.5	63.9 / 69.9	63.0 / 63.8^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	37.1 / 36.5	37.6 / 35.5	33.4 / 29.1^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	33.5^p	18.2	23.4^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	13.3	19^q	20^q

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internetⁱ (per 100 inhabitants)	28.8	47.5^r	56.1^b
Research & Development expenditure^s (% of GDP)	~0.0	~0.0	0.1^t
Threatened species (number)	282	352	801^d
Forested area (% of land area)	33.5	32.9	32.7^o
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	14.8 / 0.9	16.1 / 0.9	17.4 / 1.0^o
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	311	457	492^o
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	30	37	40^o
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	1 473	396	1 494^o
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	32.5	33.7	33.7^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	64.5 / 43.9	65.4 / 45.4	65.5 / 46.0^o
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.68	0.62	0.45^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		2024
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Base: 2024=100.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
m		Including refugees.
n		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
o		2022
p		2014
q		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
r		Population aged 12 years and over.
s		Partial data.
t		2021