UNData app

General Information

Region		Northern Europe
Population (000, 2021)		5 548^a,b
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		18.3^a,b
Capital city		Helsinki
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		1 292.2^d
UN membership date		14-Dec-55
Surface area (km2)		336 872^c,d
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		97.4^a,b
National currency		Euro (EUR)
Exchange rate (per US$)		0.8^e

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	249 181	234 440	269 296^d
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	3.2	0.5	1.1^d
GDP per capita (current US$)	46 438.9	42 772.3	48 678.4^d
Economy: Agriculture^f (% of Gross Value Added)	2.8	2.6	2.7^d
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	29.9	27	28^d
Economy: Services and other activityⁱ (% of GVA)	67.3	70.4	69.4^d
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	4.4	4.2	3.5^j,e
Employment in industry (% of employed)	23.3	21.7	22^j,e
Employment in services (% employed)	72.3	74.1	74.5^j,e
Unemployment^j (% of labour force)	8.4	9.4	6.7^e
Labour force participation rate^j (female/male pop. %)	56.0 / 63.9	55.5 / 62.3	55.3 / 62.5^e
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100^k	109^k	113^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	94	100	102^d
International trade: exports (million current US$)	70 117	59 682	65 600^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	68 767	60 174	67 878^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	1 349	-492	- 2 279^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	2 792	- 2 209	2 342^e

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^b,l (average annual %)	0.4	0.4	0.2^e
Urban population^b (% of total population)	83.8	85.2	85.4^d
Urban population growth rate^b,l (average annual %)	0.6	0.8	...
Fertility rate, total^b,l (live births per woman)	1.8	1.8	1.5^e
Life expectancy at birth^b,l (females/males, years)	82.9 / 76.1	83.7 / 77.7	84.5 / 78.8^e
Population age distribution^b (0-14/60+ years old, %)	16.5 / 24.8	16.4 / 27.0	15.6 / 29.4^a
International migrant stock^b (000/% of total pop.)	228.5 / 4.3	314.9 / 5.7	386.1 / 7.0^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	14^m	16.3	33.3^e
Infant mortality rate^b,l (per 1 000 live births)	2.7	2.1	1.7^e
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	9.1	9.6	9ⁿ
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.3	3.3	4.6ⁿ
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	6.5	7	6.4^o
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	99.1 / 99.8	100.3 / 100.8	99.9 / 100.5ⁿ
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	110.1 / 105.2	157.5 / 142.9	162.6 / 147.4ⁿ
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	120.5 / 110.2	210.2 / 181.8	222.0 / 189.7ⁿ
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	2.2	1.5	1.6ⁿ
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	40	42.5	46^p

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	86.9^q	86.4	89.6^d
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	3.7	2.9	2.8ⁿ
Threatened species (number)	18	25	62
Forested area (% of land area)	73.2	73.7	73.7ⁿ
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	62.0 / 11.6	42.4 / 7.7	41.5 / 7.5^d
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	728	732	812ⁿ
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	285	246	256ⁿ
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	3 670	2 622^r	3 290^r,d
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	68.7	71.6	71.7^e
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^s (% of GNI)	0.55	0.55	0.42^o

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		Including Åland Islands.
c		Excluding Åland Islands.
d		2019
e		2020
f		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Includes irrigation canals.
h		Excludes publishing activities.
i		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Data as at the end of December.
n		2018
o		2017
p		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
q		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
r		Non-resident tourists staying in all types of accommodation establishments.
s		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).