UNData app

General Information

Region		Eastern Africa
Population (000, 2020)		114 964
Pop. density (per km2, 2020)		115
Capital city		Addis Ababa
Capital city pop. (000, 2020)		4 592.0^b
UN membership date		13-Nov-45
Surface area (km2)		1 104 300^a
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		100.1
National currency		Ethiopian Birr (ETB)
Exchange rate (per US$)		31.8^b

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2020
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	26 311	63 079	80 292^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	12.6	10.4	6.8^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	300.2	625.6	735.1^c
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)	45.3	38.8	32.8^c
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	10.4	17.5	28.7^c
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)	21.3	19.3	18.8^c
Employment in agriculture^d (% of employed)	74	69.1	65.6
Employment in industry^d (% of employed)	8	9.1	10.4
Employment in services^d (% employed)	18	21.8	24
Unemployment^d (% of labour force)	2.3	2.2	2.1
Labour force participation rate^d (female/male pop. %)	73.8 / 88.9	73.3 / 87.0	73.6 / 85.8
CPI: Consumer Price Index^d (2010=100)	100	211	249^a
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	138	170	164^e
International trade: exports (million current US$)	2 330	2 024	938^d,b
International trade: imports (million current US$)	8 602	17 686	9 675^d,b
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 6 272	- 15 662	- 8 737^d,b
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-635	- 7 567	- 4 611^c

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Population growth rate^f (average annual %)	2.8	2.8	2.6
Urban population (% of total population)	17.3	19.4	21.2^b
Urban population growth rate^f (average annual %)	4.6	4.9	...
Fertility rate, total^f (live births per woman)	5.4	4.8	4.3
Life expectancy at birth^f (females/males, years)	60.6 / 57.6	65.5 / 61.9	67.9 / 64.1
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	44.9 / 5.1	42.2 / 5.2	39.9 / 5.3
International migrant stock^g (000/% of total pop.)	568.7 / 0.6	1 161.6 / 1.2	1 253.1 / 1.1^b
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	155.4^h	705.7	5 444.5^b
Infant mortality rate^f (per 1 000 live births)	59.8	45.8	37
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	5.5	3.9	3.5^a
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	~0.0ⁱ	...	0.1^c
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	4.5	4.7	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	88.0 / 95.2	96.1 / 105.8	... / ...
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	31.6 / 38.0	34.2 / 35.6	... / ...
Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	4.5 / 10.5	5.3 / 10.9^j	... / ...
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	...	8.8^k	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	21.9	27.8	38.8^l

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	0.8^d	13.9	18.6^d,a
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.2^m	0.6ⁿ	0.3^m,a
Threatened species (number)	120	145	180
Forested area^d (% of land area)	12.3	12.5	12.5^a
CO2 emission estimates^o (million tons/tons per capita)	5.9 / 0.1	10.1 / 0.1	13.1 / 0.1^a
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	1 212	1 330	1 371^a
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	15	15	15^a
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^p,q (000)	468	864	849^c
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	18.1	18.1	18.1^b
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	37.0 / 1.7	38.0 / 3.6	38.4 / 4.6^a
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	... / 2.8	... / 3.5	... / 3.8^a
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	11.58	5.04	5.9^c

Footnotes

a		2017
b		2019
c		2018
d		Estimate.
e		2016
f		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
g		Including refugees.
h		Data as at the end of December.
i		2009
j		2014
k		2012
l		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
m		Break in the time series.
n		2013
o		Including Eritrea.
p		Including nationals residing abroad.
q		Arrivals through all ports of entry.