UNData app

General Information

Region		Western Europe
Population (000, 2020)		83 784
Pop. density (per km2, 2020)		240.4
Capital city		Berlin
Capital city pop. (000, 2020)		3 556.8^b
UN membership date		18-Sep-73
Surface area (km2)		357 376^a
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		97.8
National currency		Euro (EUR)

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2020
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	3 396 354	3 360 550	3 949 549^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	4.2	1.7	1.5^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	42 020.0	41 088.8	47 513.7^c
Economy: Agriculture^d (% of Gross Value Added)	0.9	0.8	0.9^c
Economy: Industry^d,e (% of Gross Value Added)	29.9	30.1	30.5^c
Economy: Services and other activity^d,f,g (% of GVA)	72.4	72.8	76.9^c
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	1.6	1.4	1.2^h
Employment in industry (% of employed)	28.3	27.7	26.8^h
Employment in services (% employed)	70	70.9	72.1^h
Unemployment^h (% of labour force)	7	4.6	3
Labour force participation rate^h (female/male pop. %)	52.8 / 66.5	54.3 / 66.1	55.3 / 66.5
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100	107	105^i,b
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	103	108	107^j
International trade: exports (million current US$)	1 267 740	1 328 500	1 493 090^b
International trade: imports (million current US$)	1 060 670	1 057 540	1 240 700^b
International trade: balance (million current US$)	207 071	270 964	252 398^b
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	196 172	288 621	274 847^b

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Population growth rate^k (average annual %)	-0.2	0.2	0.5
Urban population (% of total population)	77	77.2	77.4^b
Urban population growth rate^k (average annual %)	0.1	0.3	...
Fertility rate, total^k (live births per woman)	1.4	1.4	1.6
Life expectancy at birth^k (females/males, years)	82.4 / 77.0	82.9 / 77.9	83.6 / 78.7
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	13.6 / 26.1	13.2 / 27.5	14.0 / 28.6
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	9 812.3 / 12.1	10 220.4 / 12.5	13 132.1 / 15.7^b
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	670.6^l	573.8	1 461.0^b
Infant mortality rate^k (per 1 000 live births)	3.7	3.4	3.2
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	11	11.1	11.2^a
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.8	4.1	4.2^a
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	4.9	4.8	4.8^j
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	102.7 / 103.3	101.6 / 101.7	104.2 / 103.9^a
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	101.2 / 106.7	96.4 / 101.1	95.2 / 101.4^a
Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	... / ...	67.0 / 68.4	70.7 / 69.8^a
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1	0.8	0.9^c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	32.8	36.5	31.2^m

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	82ⁿ	87.6^o	89.7^c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	2.7	2.9	3.1^h,c
Threatened species (number)	79	107	200
Forested area (% of land area)	32.7	32.7	32.7^h,a
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	758.8 / 9.5	729.7 / 8.9	718.8 / 8.7^a
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	5 387	5 016	4 801^a
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	169	158	158^a
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	26 875	34 970	38 881^c
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	77.9	78.4	78.8^b
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	98.2 / 91.1	98.8 / 91.8	98.8 / 91.8^a
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^p (% of GNI)	0.39	0.52	0.67^a

Footnotes

a		2017
b		2019
c		2018
d		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
e		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation and canals.
f		Excludes computer and related activities and radio/TV activities.
g		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
h		Estimate.
i		Index base: 2015=100.
j		2016
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Data as at the end of December.
m		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
n		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
o		Users in the last 3 months.
p		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).