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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	56 442	62 396	86 498^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	3.7	-4.3	5.1^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	11 715.0	12 394.0	16 942.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	5.2	4.7	4.1^b
Economy: Industry^f,h (% of Gross Value Added)	21.7	21.9	22.2^b
Economy: Services and other activity^f,i (% of GVA)	73.1	73.4	73.7^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	14.4	16.5	13.4^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	18.4	18.1	20.2^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	67.2	65.4	66.4^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	8.4	16.4	7.5^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	50.1 / 76.0	48.6 / 73.1	43.6 / 69.6^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index^k,l (2010=100)	122	130	143^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	97	101	102^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	9 578	11 623	20 509^j,e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	15 504	14 456^j	23 818^j,e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 5 926	- 2 833^j	- 3 309^j,e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 1 921	-652	- 1 291^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	1.1	0.6	0.4^a
Urban population (% of total population)	76.9	80.1^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2.5^m	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.8	1.4	1.3^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	83.3 / 77.5	82.8 / 76.8	83.7 / 78.6^a
Population age distributionⁿ (0-14/60+ years old, %)	22.5 / 12.7	20.7 / 15.2	18.3 / 18.1^a
International migrant stock^o (000/% of total pop.)	411.7 / 8.5	520.7 / 10.3	628.4 / 12.2^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	7.9	121.9	261.3^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	9.1	8.1	7.3^a
Health: Current expenditure^p,q (% of GDP)	7.6	7.8	7.2^r
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.8	2.5	2.7^r
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	103.1 / 104.4	109.0 / 107.6	106.7 / 105.6^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	121.6 / 127.3	128.2 / 125.8	119.4 / 117.4^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	112.0 / 94.6	152.4 / 130.7	147.1 / 125.4^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	11.6	11.3	17.7^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	33.3	45.6^s	49.1^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^t (per 100 inhabitants)	59.8	80.5	85.4^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.4	0.3^u	0.3^v
Threatened species (number)	323	363	789^e
Forested area (% of land area)	57.8	59.4	60.1^r
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	6.9 / 1.4	6.5 / 1.3	7.7 / 1.5^r
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	110	116	116^r
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	43	41	43^r
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	2 660	1 012	2 350^r
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	42.1	42.2	42.2^e
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	80.3 / 79.6	80.4 / 81.1	80.4 / 81.1^r
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	21.0 / 35.0	22.5 / 35.3	23.1 / 35.6^r
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.21	0.36	0.18^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		Refers to the urban population of cantons.
d		2019
e		2024
f		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
g		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
i		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		Central area.
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Including refugees.
p		Data are based on SHA2011.
q		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
r		2022
s		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
t		Population aged 5 years and over.
u		Break in the time series.
v		2021