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General Information

Region		South America
Population (000, 2021)		51 266^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		46.2^a
Capital city		Bogota
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		10 779.4^c,b
UN membership date		05-Nov-45
Surface area (km2)		1 141 748^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		96.5^a
National currency		Colombian Peso (COP)
Exchange rate (per US$)		3 444.9^d

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	286 563	293 482	323 803^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	4.5	3	3.3^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	6 336.7	6 175.9	6 432.4^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	6.9	6.6	7.4^b
Economy: Industry^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	34.4	31.5	29^b
Economy: Services and other activity^h (% of GVA)	58.6	61.9	63.5^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	18.4	16	16.5^i,d
Employment in industry (% of employed)	20	19.8	20^i,d
Employment in services (% employed)	61.6	64.2	63.5^i,d
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	11	8.3	9.7^d
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	55.7 / 81.6	58.5 / 82.0	57.5 / 81.0^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j (2010=100)	100	118	145^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	81	101	133^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	39 820	35 691	31 057^i,d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	40 683	54 036	43 483^i,d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	-863	- 18 345	- 12 426^i,d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 8 822	- 19 302	- 9 326^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^k (average annual %)	1.2	1	1.4^d
Urban population (% of total population)	78	79.8	81.1^b
Urban population growth rate^k (average annual %)	1.7	1.4	...
Fertility rate, total^k (live births per woman)	2.1	1.9	1.8^d
Life expectancy at birth^k (females/males, years)	77.9 / 71.7	78.9 / 73.1	79.8 / 74.2^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	27.3 / 9.7	24.5 / 11.5	21.9 / 13.6^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	130.3 / 0.3	159.4 / 0.3	1 905.4 / 3.7^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	3 672.4^l	6 520.6	9 822.2^d
Infant mortality rate^k (per 1 000 live births)	16.9	14.4	12.6^d
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	7.1	7.5	7.6^m
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.6	3.5	3.8^m
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	4.8	4.5	4.5^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	119.3 / 121.3	113.4 / 117.0	112.1 / 115.9^b
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	102.3 / 93.0	98.1 / 91.5	103.4 / 98.4^b
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	87.0 / 72.6	85.2 / 72.0	87.6 / 77.0^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	34.2	26.9	25.3^m
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	8.4	19.9	18.8ⁿ

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	36.5^o	55.9	65^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.2	0.3	0.2^m
Threatened species (number)	681	751	1 455
Forested area (% of land area)	54.8	54.2	53.7^m
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	59.6 / 1.3	74.0 / 1.6	73.1 / 1.5^m
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	4 486	5 394	5 047^m
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	31	36	33^m
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^p (000)	1 405	2 980^q	3 904^q,m
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	35.1	42.8	47.6^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	81.4 / 37.0	81.1 / 38.6	80.5 / 40.2^d
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	15.4 / ...	16.0 / ...	16.6 / ...^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.24	0.47	0.28^b

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		Refers to the nuclei of Santa Fe de Bogotá, Soacha, Chia and Funza.
d		2020
e		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Excludes publishing activities.
g		Includes irrigation canals.
h		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Data as at the end of December.
m		2018
n		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
o		Population aged 5 years and over.
p		Arrivals of non-resident travellers by immigration checkpoints.
q		Including nationals residing abroad.