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General Information

Region		Middle Africa
Population (000, 2025)		29 879^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		64.1^a
Capital city		Yaoundé
Capital city pop. (000, 2025)		3 822.4^d
UN membership date		20 September 1960
Surface area (km2)		475 650^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		99.3^a
National currency		CFA Franc, BEAC (XAF)^c
Exchange rate (per US$)		631.4^e

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	32 210	40 773	49 279^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	5.7	0.3	3.2^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	1 415.0	1 556.0	1 737.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	18.7	19	18.6^b
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	27.3	25	27.5^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g,i (% of GVA)	54	56.1	54^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	46.9	44.2	43.4^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	14.2	14.4	14.9^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	38.9	41.4	41.7^b
Unemployment^j (% of labour force)	3.5	3.9	3.4
Labour force participation rate^j (female/male pop. %)	65.6 / 76.8	58.0 / 74.0	56.0 / 73.9
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j (2010=100)	113	122	142^b
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	101	106	110^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	4 053	3 153	6 422^j,e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	6 037	5 610	8 889^j,e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 1 984	- 2 458	- 2 467^j,e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 1 174	- 1 512	- 2 019^b

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	3	2.7	2.5^a
Urban population (% of total population)	54.6	57^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	3.8^k	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	4.8	4.6	4.2^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	61.7 / 57.8	64.0 / 59.5	66.5 / 62.0^a
Population age distribution^l (0-14/60+ years old, %)	43.2 / 4.4	42.5 / 4.4	41.1 / 4.5^a
International migrant stock^m (000/% of total pop.)	508.3 / 2.2	579.2 / 2.2	642.9 / 2.2^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	391.8	1 786.9	1 599.8^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	89.8	74.8	64^a
Health: Current expenditureⁿ (% of GDP)	4.1	4.3	4.5^o
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.1^p	0.1	0.1^o
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	110.9 / 124.5	103.0 / 114.5	109.3 / 119.5^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	65.7 / 75.6	44.2 / 51.2	45.0 / 50.1^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	40.5 / 50.3	39.8 / 46.0	38.8 / 42.9^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	3.8	4.6	6.8^o
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	31.1	31.1^q	33.9^q

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^j (per 100 inhabitants)	18.3	41.2	41.9^b
Threatened species (number)	697	890	1 282^e
Forested area (% of land area)	43.6	43	42.8^o
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	7.2 / 0.3	6.8 / 0.3	6.7 / 0.2^o
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	494	557	572^o
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	17	16	16^o
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	812^r	...	...
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	34.5	34.5	34.5^e
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	2.09	3.51	2^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		African Financial Community (CFA) Franc, Bank of Central African States (BEAC).
d		2019
e		2024
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
i		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
m		Including refugees.
n		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
o		2022
p		2011
q		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
r		2012