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General Information

Region		Polynesia
Population (000, 2021)		18^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		73.2^a
Capital city		Avarua
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		13.1^d,e
Surface area (km2)		236^b,c
National currency		New Zealand Dollar (NZD)
Exchange rate (per US$)		1.4^f

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	241	302	379^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	-4.9	5.7	4.8^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	13 092.7	17 182.6	21 603.5^c
Economy: Agriculture^g (% of Gross Value Added)	3.4	3.2	2.7^c
Economy: Industry^h,i (% of Gross Value Added)	7.9	11.3	8.9^c
Economy: Services and other activity^j (% of GVA)	88.7	85.4	88.4^c
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	...	4.3^k,l	...
Employment in industry (% of employed)	...	11.7^k,l	...
Employment in services (% employed)	...	84^k,l	...
Unemployment^k (% of labour force)	6.9^m,n	8.2^l	...
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	64.2 / 76.1^k,m,n	65.4 / 76.6^k,l	... / ...
CPI: Consumer Price Index^o,p (2010=100)	100	109	110^f
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	108	103	79^c
International trade: exports (million current US$)	5	14^q	19^q,f
International trade: imports (million current US$)	91	109^q	105^q,f
International trade: balance (million current US$)	-85	-95^q	-85^q,f

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^r (average annual %)	-0.7	-0.9	-~0.0^f
Urban population (% of total population)	73.3	74.4	75.3^c
Urban population growth rate^r (average annual %)	-0.6	-0.9	...
International migrant stock^s (000/% of total pop.)	3.8 / 20.5	4.2 / 23.7	4.6 / 26.1^f
Health: Current expenditure^t (% of GDP)	3.7	2.7	2.9^e
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.3^u	1.4^v	...
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	...	3.9	4.4^w
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	85.4 / 89.8	99.8 / 104.2	112.7 / 117.4^c
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	86.4 / 78.3	90.6 / 85.4	98.1 / 94.6^c
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	77.8 / 61.7	82.7 / 71.5	79.4 / 74.5^c
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	...	3.5^x	...

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	35.7	51^q	54^q,w
Threatened species (number)	53	73	82
Forested area (% of land area)	65	65	65^e
Energy production, primary^q (Petajoules)	...	0	0^e
Energy supply per capita^q (Gigajoules)	44	54	62^e
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^y (000)	104	125	172^c
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	24.4	24.4	30.9^f

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		Excluding Niue, shown separately, which is part of Cook Islands, but because of remoteness is administered separately.
c		2019
d		Refers to the island of Rarotonga.
e		2018
f		2020
g		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Excludes publishing activities.
i		Includes irrigation canals.
j		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
k		Resident population (de jure).
l		2011
m		Break in the time series.
n		2006
o		Rarotonga
p		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
q		Estimate.
r		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
s		Including refugees.
t		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 July.
u		2009
v		2014
w		2016
x		2012
y		Air and sea arrivals.