UNData app

General Information

Region		Eastern Europe
Population (000, 2025)		8 998^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		44.3^a
Capital city		Minsk
Capital city pop. (000, 2025)		2 016.7^c,d
UN membership date		24 October 1945
Surface area (km2)		207 600^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		87.2^a
National currency		Belarusian Ruble (BYN)
Exchange rate (per US$)		3.5^e

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	56 455	61 372	71 857^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	-3.8	-0.7	3.9^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	5 951.0	6 563.0	7 883.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	7.2	8.1	8.3^b
Economy: Industry^f,h (% of Gross Value Added)	37.7	35.9	37.1^b
Economy: Services and other activity^f,i (% of GVA)	55.1	56.1	54.6^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	10.2	10.9	10^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	31.6	30.6	31.1^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	58.2	58.5	58.9^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	5.9^j	4	3.3^j
Labour force participation rate^j (female/male pop. %)	58.6 / 70.9	57.9 / 71.3	56.5 / 69.7
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	387	536	751^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	105	104^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	26 660	29 179	33 677^j,e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	30 291	32 767	52 503^j,e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 3 631	- 3 588	- 18 827^j,e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 1 831	-178	- 1 925^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	0.2	-1.1	-0.7^a
Urban population (% of total population)	77.2	79^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.7^k	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.7	1.4	1.2^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	78.8 / 68.5	77.4 / 67.1	79.4 / 69.9^a
Population age distribution^l (0-14/60+ years old, %)	16.2 / 20.4	17.0 / 22.9	15.9 / 25.4^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	1 082.9 / 11.4	1 067.1 / 11.4	1 054.6 / 11.6^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	7.9	9.2	54.7^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	4.1	2.9	3^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	6.1	6.4	6.7^m
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	4.3	4.6	4.7^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	98.5 / 98.4	95.4 / 95.6	96.8 / 96.9^e
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.4 / 100.2	97.8 / 97.7	94.6 / 94.5^e
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	106.7 / 111.6	106.2 / 111.3	102.8 / 105.7^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	3.4	2.4^d	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	27.3	40ⁿ	33.9ⁿ

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^o,p (per 100 inhabitants)	67.3	85.1	91.5^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.5^q	0.5	0.5^m
Threatened species (number)	21	30	45^e
Forested area (% of land area)	42.5	43.2	43.3^m
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	53.4 / 5.6	53.2 / 5.7	53.2 / 5.8^m
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	163	187	259^m
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	112	112	121^m
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	4 386^r	3 598^s	4 920^s,m
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	47.1	47.1	47.1^e
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	81.5 / 55.5	81.6 / 49.7	81.5 / 48.7^m
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.19	0.56	0.17^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		Including communities under the authority of the Town Council.
d		2019
e		2024
f		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
g		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
i		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
m		2022
n		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
o		Users in the last 12 months.
p		Population aged 6 to 72 years.
q		Data have been converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate.
r		Excludes the Belarusian-Russian border segment.
s		Includes estimation of the Belarusian-Russian border segment.