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General Information

Region		Southern Asia
Population (000, 2021)		780^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		20.5^a
Capital city		Thimphu
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		203.3^c
UN membership date		21-Sep-71
Surface area (km2)		38 394^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		113.7^a
National currency		Ngultrum (BTN)
Exchange rate (per US$)		73^d

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	1 585	2 004	2 564^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	11.7	6.6	3.8^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	2 312.8	2 752.7	3 360.6^b
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)	15.4	15.1	15.9^b
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	45.7	44.5	43.2^b
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)	38.9	40.4	40.9^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	59.6	58	54.6^e,d
Employment in industry (% of employed)	6.6	9.7	11.1^e,d
Employment in services (% employed)	33.8	32.4	34.3^e,d
Unemployment^e (% of labour force)	3.3	2.4	2.4^d
Labour force participation rate^e (female/male pop. %)	63.5 / 72.5	58.2 / 72.6	59.0 / 73.8^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100	88^f	106^f,d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	97	97	99^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	413	549^e	584^e,d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	854	1 062^e	922^e,d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	-440	-512^e	-337^e,d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-323	-548	-381^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^g (average annual %)	1.1	1.2	1.2^d
Urban population (% of total population)	34.8	38.7	41.6^b
Urban population growth rate^g (average annual %)	4.4	3.7	...
Fertility rate, total^g (live births per woman)	2.6	2.1	2^d
Life expectancy at birth^g (females/males, years)	67.3 / 66.8	69.6 / 69.2	71.6 / 71.0^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	31.2 / 7.5	27.4 / 8.1	24.6 / 9.1^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	48.4 / 7.1	51.1 / 7.0	53.6 / 6.9^d
Infant mortality rate^g (per 1 000 live births)	39.5	30.5	24.1^d
Health: Current expenditure^h (% of GDP)	3.5	3.7	3.1^c
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.3ⁱ	0.3	0.5^b
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	4.1	7.6	6.9^e,c
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	109.4 / 107.0	104.8 / 103.7	106.6 / 105.0^d
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	64.7 / 62.5	86.8 / 81.3	95.7 / 84.7^e,c
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	39.8 / 43.7	67.4 / 69.1	75.0 / 71.0^e,c
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	2.3	1.6	1.2^c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	8.5	8.5	14.9^j

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet^e (per 100 inhabitants)	13.6	39.8	41.8^k
Threatened species (number)	59	71	110
Forested area (% of land area)	71	71.2	71.3^c
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	73	77	77^c
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	83	88	94^c
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	41^l,m	155	316^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	45.4	47	47^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	48.8 / 25.4	48.9 / 27.2	49.0 / 27.6^d
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	69.1 / 62.1	60.4 / 64.5	63.1 / 66.8^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	6.66	5.23	4.85^c

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		2018
d		2020
e		Estimate.
f		Base: April 2019 = 100
g		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
h		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 July.
i		2008
j		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
k		2016
l		Break in the time series.
m		Including regional high end tourists.