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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	1 802 212	1 476 107	1 920 095^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	-3.5	-3.3	2.9^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	8 783.2	6 923.7	8 917.7^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	5	6.6	7.9^b
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	22.5	22.5	23.9^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g,i (% of GVA)	72.5	70.9	68.2^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	9.3	9.3	8.7^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	22.8	20.3	20.5^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	67.8	70.4	70.8^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	8.5	13.7	7.6^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	53.0 / 75.2	50.2 / 71.0	53.4 / 73.0^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index^k (2010=100)	138	173	214^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	102	113	114^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	186 775	209 180	339 696^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	180 457	166 336	252 710^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	6 317	42 844	86 985^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 63 409	- 28 208	- 30 828^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	0.8	0.5	0.4^a
Urban population (% of total population)	85.8	86.8^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1.2^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.8	1.7	1.6^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	78.5 / 71.8	77.6 / 71.5	79.1 / 73.0^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	22.4 / 12.0	20.8 / 14.2	19.7 / 16.1^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	710.3 / 0.3ⁿ	1 079.7 / 0.5ⁿ	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	66	407.8	593.6^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	16	14.5	13.7^a
Health: Current expenditure^o (% of GDP)	8.9^p	10.2^j	9.9^j,q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.9^r	2.3^d	2.1^q
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	6.2	6^d	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	106.7 / 111.5	102.9 / 108.1	101.9 / 105.0^q
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	107.0 / 108.6	110.2 / 110.0	110.5 / 111.4^q
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	99.8 / 85.5	101.9 / 91.5	109.9 / 93.0^q
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	28.4	22.4	20.6^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	9	14.6^s	17.5^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet^t (per 100 inhabitants)	58.3	81.3	80.5^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	1.4	1.1	...
Threatened species (number)	966	1 078	2 437^e
Forested area (% of land area)	60.3	59.4	59.3^q
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	463.5 / 2.3	393.2 / 1.8	446.8 / 2.1^q
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	11 567	13 393	13 470^q
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	60	56	60^q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^u (000)	6 306	2 146	3 630^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	43	45.4	45.7^e
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	85.2 / 62.8	87.9 / 72.7	88.9 / 76.0^b
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	46.1 / ...	50.7 / ...	51.4 / ...^b
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.06	0.04	0.07^q

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		Refers to the "Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento do Distrito Federal e Entorno".
d		2019
e		2023
f		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
i		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Including refugees.
o		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
p		Health expenditure data 2000-2019 based on health satellite accounts and converted to SHA 2011 HC, HF, and HK series by the country.
q		2021
r		2013
s		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
t		Population aged 10 years and over.
u		Including nationals residing abroad.