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General Information

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	2 208 838	1 802 212	1 847 796^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	7.5	-3.5	1.1^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	11 286.1	8 814.0	8 755.3^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	4.8	5	5.2^b
Economy: Industry^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	27.4	22.5	20.9^b
Economy: Services and other activity^h (% of GVA)	67.8	72.5	73.9^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	12.6ⁱ	10.2	9.1^i,d
Employment in industry (% of employed)	22.5ⁱ	22.2	19.6^i,d
Employment in services (% employed)	64.8ⁱ	67.6	71.3^i,d
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	7.7	8.4	12^d
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	53.5 / 76.5	53.3 / 75.3	54.0 / 73.9^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j (2010=100)	100	138	173^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	89	102	110^b
International trade: exports^k (million current US$)	201 915	191 127	209 180^d
International trade: imports^k (million current US$)	181 768	171 446	166 336^d
International trade: balance^k (million current US$)	20 147	19 681	42 844^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 79 237	- 54 789	- 24 074^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^l (average annual %)	1	0.9	0.8^d
Urban population (% of total population)	84.3	85.8	86.8^b
Urban population growth rate^l (average annual %)	1.4	1.2	...
Fertility rate, total^l (live births per woman)	1.9	1.8	1.7^d
Life expectancy at birth^l (females/males, years)	76.6 / 69.1	78.0 / 70.7	79.3 / 71.9^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	24.8 / 10.2	22.4 / 12.0	20.5 / 14.5^a
International migrant stock^m (000/% of total pop.)	592.6 / 0.3	710.3 / 0.3	1 079.7 / 0.5^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	5.2ⁿ	66	407.8^d
Infant mortality rate^l (per 1 000 live births)	20.3	15.8	13^d
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	7.9	8.9	9.5^o
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.8	1.9^p	2.3^b
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	5.6	6.2	6.3^q
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	128.2 / 133.9^r	111.0 / 115.7	112.9 / 116.0^o
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	102.1 / 91.5^r	103.4 / 97.9	106.7 / 103.4^o
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	99.5 / 79.5^r	99.3 / 84.8	104.4 / 92.0^o
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	22.1	28.6	27.4^o
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	8.8	9	15.2^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	40.6^t,u	58.3	73.9^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	1.2	1.3	1.2^o
Threatened species (number)	773	966	1 705
Forested areaⁱ (% of land area)	61.2	60.3	59.7^o
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	372.0 / 1.9	453.7 / 2.2	406.5 / 1.9^o
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	10 116	11 567	12 538^o
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	56	61	58^o
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^v (000)	5 161	6 306	6 353^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	42.1	42.9	43.8^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	83.4 / 56.4	85.1 / 62.9	87.8 / 71.8^d
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	42.2 / ...	46.1 / ...	50.7 / ...^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.02	0.06	0.02^b

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		Refers to the "Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento do Distrito Federal e Entorno".
d		2020
e		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Includes irrigation canals.
g		Excludes publishing activities.
h		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Imports FOB.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Including refugees.
n		Data as at the end of December.
o		2018
p		2013
q		2017
r		2009
s		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
t		Users in the last 3 months.
u		Population aged 10 years and over.
v		Including nationals residing abroad.