UNData

General Information

Region		South America
Population (000, 2019)		211 050
Pop. density (per km2, 2019)		25.3
Capital city		Brasilia
Capital city pop. (000, 2019)		4 559.0^b
UN membership date		24-Oct-45
Surface area (km2)		8 515 767^a
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		96.7
National currency		Brazilian Real (BRL)
Exchange rate (per US$)		3.9^c

Economic indicators

	2005	2010	2019
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	891 634	2 208 838	2 055 512^a
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2010 prices)	3.2	7.5	1^a
GDP per capita (current US$)	4 770.2	11 224.0	9 821.4^a
Economy: Agriculture^d (% of Gross Value Added)	5.5	4.8	5.2^a
Economy: Industry^d (% of Gross Value Added)	28.5	27.4	22.6^a
Economy: Services and other activity^d (% of GVA)	66	67.8	72.2^a
Employment: Agriculture^e (% of employed)	20.5	16	10
Employment: Industry^e (% of employed)	21.4	22.3	20.9
Employment: Services^e (% employed)	58.1	61.7	69.1
Unemployment (% of labour force)	9.3	7.3	11.6^e
Labour force participation^e (female/male pop. %)	55.1 / 78.3	53.6 / 76.6	53.9 / 74.3
CPI: Consumer Price Index^f (2010=100)	80	100	161^c
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	99	122	136^g
Index of industrial production (2005=100)	100	115	111^h
International trade: Exports (million current US$)	118 529	201 915	236 466^e,c
International trade: Imports (million current US$)	73 600	181 768	185 357^e,c
International trade: Balance (million current US$)	44 928	20 147	51 108^c
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	13 985	- 79 014	- 14 509^c

Social indicators

	2005	2010	2019
Population growth rateⁱ (average annual %)	1.3	1	0.9^j
Urban population (% of total population)	82.8	84.3	86.8
Urban population growth rateⁱ (average annual %)	1.7	1.4	1.2^j
Fertility rate, totalⁱ (live births per woman)	2.1	1.9	1.8^j
Life expectancy at birthⁱ (females/males, years)	74.9 / 67.2	76.6 / 69.1	78.0 / 70.7^j
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	27.4 / 8.8	24.8 / 10.2	21.0 / 13.6
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	638.6 / 0.3	592.6 / 0.3	735.6 / 0.4^a
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	7.7^k	5.2^k	143.9^c
Infant mortality rateⁱ (per 1 000 live births)	28.2	20.3	15.8^j
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	8.3	9.7	11.8^g
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.7	1.8	2.1^c
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	4.5	5.6	6.2^j
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^e (f/m per 100 pop.)	129.2 / 137.2	128.2 / 133.9^l	112.4 / 115.4^g
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio^e (f/m per 100 pop.)	106.2 / 96.5	102.1 / 91.5^l	103.9 / 99.2^g
Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio^e (f/m per 100 pop.)	29.3 / 22.8	42.2 / 31.9^l	58.8 / 42.5^g
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	23.3	22	29.5^g
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	8.6	8.8	15

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2005	2010	2019
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	21^m,n	40.6^m,n	67.5^a
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	1	1.2	1.3^j
Threatened species (number)	697^o	773	1 039
Forested area^e (% of land area)	60.6	59.6	58.9^g
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	347.3 / 1.9	419.8 / 2.1	529.8 / 2.6^h
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	8 344	10 050	12 183^g
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	50	55	59^g
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^p (000)	5 358	5 161	6 589^a
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	42.3	47.5	47.6^c
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.03	0.02	0.01^a

Footnotes

a		2017
b		Refers to the "Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento do Distrito Federal e Entorno".
c		2018
d		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
e		Estimate.
f		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
g		2016
h		2014
i		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
j		2015
k		Data as at the end of December.
l		2009
m		Users in the last 3 months.
n		Population aged 10 years and over.
o		2004
p		Including nationals residing abroad.