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General Information

Region		Eastern Europe
Population (000, 2021)		6 897^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		63.5^a
Capital city		Sofia
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		1 276.9^b
UN membership date		14-Dec-55
Surface area (km2)		110 372^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		94.4^a
National currency		Bulgarian Lev (BGN)
Exchange rate (per US$)		1.6^c

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	50 364	50 631	67 926^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.6	4	3.4^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	6 783.0	7 032.3	9 703.5^b
Economy: Agriculture^d (% of Gross Value Added)	4.6	4.7	3.7^b
Economy: Industry^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	26.8	27.4	25.6^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g (% of GVA)	68.6	67.9	70.8^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	6.8	6.9	6.3^h,c
Employment in industry (% of employed)	33	29.9	30.1^h,c
Employment in services (% employed)	60.2	63.2	63.7^h,c
Unemployment^h (% of labour force)	10.3	9.1	3.8^c
Labour force participation rate^h (female/male pop. %)	47.7 / 59.5	48.6 / 60.1	49.1 / 61.9^c
CPI: Consumer Price Indexⁱ (2010=100)	100	107	116^c
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	92	98	106^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	20 608	25 779	31 801^h,c
International trade: imports (million current US$)	25 360	29 265	34 880^h,c
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 4 752	- 3 486	- 3 079^h,c
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-965	-123	-538^c

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^j (average annual %)	-0.7	-0.6	-0.7^c
Urban population (% of total population)	72.3	74	75.3^b
Urban population growth rate^j (average annual %)	-0.3	-0.2	...
Fertility rate, total^j (live births per woman)	1.5	1.5	1.6^c
Life expectancy at birth^j (females/males, years)	76.8 / 69.7	77.8 / 70.8	78.5 / 71.3^c
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	13.5 / 25.3	14.3 / 27.0	14.7 / 28.4^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	76.3 / 1.0	123.8 / 1.7	184.4 / 2.7^c
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	6.9^k	19	21.5^c
Infant mortality rate^j (per 1 000 live births)	9.5	8.3	6.3^c
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	7.1	7.4	7.3^l
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.8	4	4.2^l
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	3.9	4.1^m	4.1ⁿ
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	108.2 / 108.5	93.7 / 94.7	87.2 / 87.7^l
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	88.2 / 92.1	100.6 / 103.9	95.2 / 98.4^l
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	91.7 / 94.5	111.8 / 114.1	119.0 / 123.6^l
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	2	1.8	1.3^l
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	20.8	20.4	27.1^o

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	46.2^p	56.7^p	67.9^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.6	1	0.8^l
Threatened species (number)	66	85	127
Forested area^h (% of land area)	34.4	35.3	35.6^l
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	44.0 / 6.0	43.6 / 6.1	39.9 / 5.7^l
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	442	507	506^l
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	100	108	111^l
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	6 047	7 099	9 312^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	95.7	95.7	96.6^c
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	56.9 / 43.4	66.3 / 52.2	76.1 / 60.1^c
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI)	0.09	0.09	0.11ⁿ

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		2020
d		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
e		Includes irrigation canals.
f		Excludes publishing activities.
g		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
h		Estimate.
i		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
j		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
k		Data as at the end of December.
l		2018
m		2013
n		2017
o		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
p		Population aged 16 to 74 years.