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General Information

Region		Eastern Europe
Population (000, 2020)		6 948
Pop. density (per km2, 2020)		64
Capital city		Sofia
Capital city pop. (000, 2020)		1 276.9^b
UN membership date		14-Dec-55
Surface area (km2)		111 002^a
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		94.4
National currency		Bulgarian Lev (BGN)
Exchange rate (per US$)		1.7^b

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2020
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	50 364	50 631	66 199^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.6	4	3.1^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	6 783.0	7 032.3	9 387.8^c
Economy: Agriculture^d (% of Gross Value Added)	4.6	4.7	3.9^c
Economy: Industry^d,e (% of Gross Value Added)	26.8	27.4	25.8^c
Economy: Services and other activity^d,f,g (% of GVA)	68.6	67.9	70.3^c
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	6.8	6.9	6.3^h
Employment in industry (% of employed)	33	29.9	30.1^h
Employment in services (% employed)	60.2	63.2	63.7^h
Unemployment^h (% of labour force)	10.3	9.1	3.8
Labour force participation rate^h (female/male pop. %)	47.7 / 59.5	48.6 / 60.1	49.1 / 61.9
CPI: Consumer Price Indexⁱ (2010=100)	100	107	114^b
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	106	111	114^j
International trade: exports (million current US$)	20 608	25 779	33 638^h,b
International trade: imports (million current US$)	25 360	29 265	37 902^h,b
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 4 752	- 3 486	- 4 264^h,b
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-965	61	2 742^b

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Population growth rate^k (average annual %)	-0.7	-0.6	-0.7
Urban population (% of total population)	72.3	74	75.3^b
Urban population growth rate^k (average annual %)	-0.3	-0.2	...
Fertility rate, total^k (live births per woman)	1.5	1.5	1.6
Life expectancy at birth^k (females/males, years)	76.8 / 69.7	77.8 / 70.8	78.5 / 71.3
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	13.5 / 25.3	14.3 / 27.0	14.7 / 28.2
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	76.3 / 1.0	123.8 / 1.7	168.5 / 2.4^b
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	6.9^l	19	21.2^b
Infant mortality rate^k (per 1 000 live births)	9.5	8.3	6.3
Health: Current expenditure^m (% of GDP)	7.1	8.2	8.1^a
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.8	4	...
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	3.9	4.1ⁿ	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	108.2 / 108.5	93.7 / 94.7	89.1 / 89.6^a
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	88.2 / 92.1	100.6 / 103.9	96.8 / 99.5^a
Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	66.1 / 50.0	79.1 / 62.0	78.8 / 63.7^a
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	2	1.8	1.3^c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	20.8	20.4	26.7^o

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	46.2^p	56.7^p	64.8^c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.6	1	0.8^c
Threatened species (number)	66	85	127
Forested area^h (% of land area)	34.4	35.2	35.2^a
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	44.4 / 6.0	43.7 / 6.1	42.8 / 6.1^a
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	442	505	491^a
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	100	108	110^a
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	6 047	7 099	9 273^c
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	87.5	87.5	87.5^b
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	58.8 / ...	68.8 / ...	72.9 / ...^a
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI)	0.09	0.09	0.11^a

Footnotes

a		2017
b		2019
c		2018
d		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
e		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation and canals.
f		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
g		Excludes computer and related activities and radio/TV activities.
h		Estimate.
i		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
j		2016
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Data as at the end of December.
m		Health expenditure data do not include funds from foreign origin flowing in the health financing system.
n		2013
o		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
p		Population aged 16 to 74 years.