UNData app

General Information

Region		Western Europe
Population (000, 2020)		11 590
Pop. density (per km2, 2020)		382.7
Capital city		Brussels
Capital city pop. (000, 2020)		2 065.3^b,c
UN membership date		27-Dec-45
Surface area (km2)		30 528^a
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		98.3
National currency		Euro (EUR)
Exchange rate (per US$)		0.9^c

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2020
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	480 952	462 150	543 026^d
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.9	2	1.5^d
GDP per capita (current US$)	43 967.7	40 941.9	47 293.0^d
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	0.9	0.8	0.6^d
Economy: Industry^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	23.4	22	21.4^d
Economy: Services and other activity^e,g,h (% of GVA)	75.7	77.3	78^d
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	1.4	1.2	0.9ⁱ
Employment in industry (% of employed)	23.4	21.4	20.6ⁱ
Employment in services (% employed)	75.3	77.4	78.4ⁱ
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	8.3	8.5	5.7
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	47.5 / 60.8	48.0 / 59.1	48.5 / 58.4
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100^j	109^j	117^c
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	100	106	101^k
International trade: exports (million current US$)	407 596	397 739	445 214^c
International trade: imports (million current US$)	391 256	371 025	426 489^c
International trade: balance (million current US$)	16 340	26 714	18 725^c
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	7 338	6 363	- 6 512^c

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Population growth rate^l (average annual %)	0.7	0.6	0.5
Urban population (% of total population)	97.7	97.9	98^c
Urban population growth rate^l (average annual %)	0.8	0.7	...
Fertility rate, total^l (live births per woman)	1.8	1.8	1.7
Life expectancy at birth^l (females/males, years)	82.3 / 76.8	83.0 / 78.0	83.7 / 79.0
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	16.9 / 23.2	17.0 / 24.0	17.0 / 25.6
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	1 503.8 / 13.7	1 783.5 / 15.8	1 981.9 / 17.2^c
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	36.9^m	45.8	83.5^c
Infant mortality rate^l (per 1 000 live births)	3.8	3.5	2.8
Health: Current expenditureⁱ (% of GDP)	10	10.3	10.3^a
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.9	3	3.1^a
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	6.4	6.5	6.5^k
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	101.8 / 102.0	103.1 / 103.2	104.0 / 103.9^a
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	167.3 / 146.9	174.7 / 153.6	167.8 / 149.7^a
Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	75.9 / 60.0	84.7 / 64.8	90.5 / 69.3^a
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.7	2	1.7^a
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	38	39.3	40.7ⁿ

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	75	85.1^o,p	88.7^d
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	2.1	2.5	2.8^q,d
Threatened species (number)	27	30	66
Forested area (% of land area)	22.5	22.6ⁱ	22.6^i,a
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	103.9 / 9.5	92.8 / 8.3	90.4 / 8.0^a
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	646	445	626^a
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	228	194	201^a
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	7 186	8 355^r	9 119^d
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	80.3	83.7	84.2^c
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^s (% of GNI)	0.64	0.42	0.45^a

Footnotes

a		2017
b		Refers to the population of Brussels-Capital Region and "communes" of the agglomeration and suburbs.
c		2019
d		2018
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation and canals.
g		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
h		Excludes computer and related activities and radio/TV activities.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		2016
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Data as at the end of December.
n		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
o		Users in the last 3 months.
p		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
q		Provisional data.
r		Break in the time series.
s		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).