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General Information

Region		Southern Europe
Population (000, 2024)		3 164^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2024)		61.8^a
Capital city		Sarajevo
Capital city pop. (000, 2024)		342.7^c,d
UN membership date		22 May 1992
Surface area (km2)		51 209^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		90.8^a
National currency		Convertible Mark (BAM)
Exchange rate (per US$)		1.8^e

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	16 404	20 226	24 474^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	4.3	-3	4.1^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	4 654.6	6 095.1	7 568.8^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	7.3	7	5.8^b
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	26.3	28.2	29.4^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g,i (% of GVA)	66.4	64.8	64.8^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	17.9	12.2	16.9^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	29.5	34.4	33.5^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	52.6	53.3	49.6^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	27.7	15.9	11.6^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	35.4 / 57.8	36.0 / 58.1	40.0 / 59.5^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	104	104	121^b
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	99	115	113^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	5 099	6 153	9 228^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	8 994	9 868	15 349^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 3 895	- 3 715	- 6 121^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-826	-574	-760^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	-1.3	-1.5	-0.7^a
Urban population (% of total population)	47.2	48.6^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	-0.3^k	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.3	1.5	1.5^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	80.2 / 73.5	79.4 / 72.5	81.1 / 74.6^a
Population age distribution^l (0-14/60+ years old, %)	14.3 / 24.2	13.6 / 28.0	13.0 / 30.2^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	38.6 / 1.1^j,m	36.0 / 1.1^j,m	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	143.9	156.2	98^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	6.4	6.4	5.4^a
Health: Current expenditureⁿ (% of GDP)	9.2	9.7	9.6^o
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.1	2.3^d	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	90.7 / 91.6	88.4 / 89.3	87.5 / 88.4^e
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	88.5 / 90.2	88.4 / 90.0	85.7 / 86.7^e
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	79.3 / 76.7	82.8 / 80.1	82.6 / 80.5^e
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.6	1.3	1.1^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	21.4	21.4^p	19^p

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	52.6^j	73.2^q	83.4^q,e
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.2	0.2	0.2^b
Threatened species (number)	85	104	140^e
Forested area (% of land area)	42.2^j	42.7^j	42.7^o
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	18.7 / 5.3	21.1 / 6.4	21.6 / 6.6^o
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	173	219	219^o
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	71	90	94^o
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	678	197	915^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	29	37.1	37.1^e
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	28.2 / ...	53.1 / ...	58.1 / ...^b
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	2.18	2.22	2.52^o

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		Refers to the municipalities of Stari Grad Sarajevo, Centar Sarajevo, Novo Sarajevo, Novi Grad Sarajevo and Ilidza.
d		2019
e		2023
f		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
i		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
m		Including refugees.
n		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
o		2021
p		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
q		Population aged 16 to 74 years.