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General Information

Region		Southern Europe
Population (000, 2021)		3 264^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		64^a
Capital city		Sarajevo
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		342.7^c,b
UN membership date		22-May-92
Surface area (km2)		51 209^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		95.9^a
National currency		Convertible Mark (BAM)
Exchange rate (per US$)		1.6^d

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	17 176	16 212	20 164^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.9	3.1	2.7^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	4 635.4	4 727.3	6 108.6^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	8	7.3	6.7^b
Economy: Industry^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	26.5	26.6	28.5^b
Economy: Services and other activity^h (% of GVA)	65.5	66.1	64.9^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	19.7	17.5ⁱ	15.1^i,d
Employment in industry (% of employed)	30.9	30.6ⁱ	32.3^i,d
Employment in services (% employed)	49.4	51.9ⁱ	52.6^i,d
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	27.3	27.7	18.4^d
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	34.3 / 58.2	36.2 / 58.2	35.2 / 57.7^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100	104	104^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	99	105^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	4 803	5 099	6 149^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	9 223	8 994	9 867^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 4 420	- 3 895	- 3 719^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 1 031	-826	-635^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^j (average annual %)	-0.3	-1.5	-0.9^d
Urban population (% of total population)	45.6	47.2	48.6^b
Urban population growth rate^j (average annual %)	0.4	-0.3	...
Fertility rate, total^j (live births per woman)	1.3	1.3	1.3^d
Life expectancy at birth^j (females/males, years)	78.1 / 72.9	78.9 / 74.0	79.6 / 74.6^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	15.7 / 19.3	15.2 / 21.5	14.3 / 26.0^a
International migrant stock^i,k (000/% of total pop.)	38.9 / 1.1	38.6 / 1.1	36.0 / 1.1^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	179^l	143.9	156.2^d
Infant mortality rate^j (per 1 000 live births)	9	6.9	6^d
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	9	9.3	8.9^m
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.8	2.2	...
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	... / ...	... / ...	84.0 / 80.6^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.5	1.7	1.2^m
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	19	21.4	26.2ⁿ

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	42.8ⁱ	52.6ⁱ	69.9^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	~0.0^o,p	0.2	0.2^m
Threatened species (number)	67	85	107
Forested areaⁱ (% of land area)	41.1	42.2	42.7^m
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	20.5 / 5.5	19.3 / 5.6	22.2 / 6.7^m
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	182	173	238^m
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	73	73	94^m
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	365	678	1 053^m
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	28.9	29	29^d
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	7.0 / ...	19.4 / ...	29.8 / ...^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	2.93	2.18	2.29^b

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		Refers to the municipalities of Stari Grad Sarajevo, Centar Sarajevo, Novo Sarajevo, Novi Grad Sarajevo and Ilidza.
d		2020
e		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Includes irrigation canals.
g		Excludes publishing activities.
h		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
k		Including refugees.
l		Data as at the end of December.
m		2018
n		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
o		Partial data.
p		2009