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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	1 245 531	1 435 444	1 775 628^d
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.8	2.1	1.4^d
GDP per capita (current US$)	52 010.0	55 759.0	67 129.0^d
Economy: Agriculture^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	2.6	2.5	2.4^d
Economy: Industry^h,i (% of Gross Value Added)	24	27.2	27.7^d
Economy: Services and other activity^h,j (% of GVA)	73.4	70.3	69.9^d
Employment in agriculture^k (% of employed)	2.6	2.8	2.1^d
Employment in industry^k (% of employed)	20.1	19.2	19.1^d
Employment in services^k (% employed)	77.3	78	78.7^d
Unemployment (% of labour force)	6.1	6.5	4.4^k
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	59.2 / 71.2	60.2 / 70.2	62.3 / 71.0^k
CPI: Consumer Price Index^l,m (2010=100)	112	121	144^f
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	84	126^d
International trade: exports (million current US$)	187 792	247 159^k	340 855^f
International trade: imports (million current US$)	200 114	210 213^k	296 482^f
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 12 322	36 947^k	44 373^f
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 58 276	24 899	- 34 402^f

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate^b (average annual %)	1.5	0.7	1^a
Urban population^b (% of total population)	85.7	86.1^e	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1.6^b,o	...	...
Fertility rate, total^b (live births per woman)	1.8	1.6	1.6^a
Life expectancy at birth^b (females/males, years)	84.6 / 80.6	85.7 / 81.6	86.0 / 82.4^a
Population age distribution^b,p (0-14/60+ years old, %)	18.9 / 20.3	18.6 / 21.9	17.7 / 23.8^a
International migrant stock^q (000/% of total pop.)	6 733.1 / 28.1	7 604.8 / 29.5	8 111.4 / 30.4^f
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	58.4	137.4	120.7^f
Under five mortality rate^b (per 1000 live births)	3.8	3.6	3.1^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	10.2	10.7	9.9^r
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.5	3.9	4.1^r
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	101.6 / 101.7	100.0 / 99.8	99.4 / 99.3^d
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	117.2 / 132.3	108.7 / 112.5	107.2 / 111.6^d
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	207.0 / 243.9	192.8 / 197.2	180.5 / 189.1^d
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1	0.9	0.9^d
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	26.7	30.5^s	39.1^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	84.6	94.7^k	97.1^k,d
Research & Development expenditure^k (% of GDP)	1.9	1.8^e	...
Threatened species^t (number)	909	1 308	1 938^f
Forested area (% of land area)	17.3	17.4	17.4^r
CO2 emission estimates^t,u (million tons/tons per capita)	368.4 / 15.4	383.5 / 14.9	354.4 / 13.5^r
Energy production, primary^t,u (Petajoules)	16 033	18 958	18 186^r
Energy supply per capita^t,u (Gigajoules)	223	220	205^r
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^v (000)	7 449	1 828	3 694^r
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	51.2	55.9	57.7^f
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	99.7 / ...	99.6 / ...	99.5 / ...^r
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^w (% of GNI)	1.15	0.22	0.19^d

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		Including Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.
c		Including Norfolk Island.
d		2023
e		2019
f		2024
g		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
i		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
j		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
k		Estimate.
l		Weighted average of index values computed for the 8 capital cities.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
n		Areas not elsewhere specified.
o		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
p		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
q		Including refugees.
r		2022
s		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
t		Excluding overseas territories.
u		Data refer to fiscal years ending 30 June.
v		Excluding nationals residing abroad and crew members.
w		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).